Sunday, 15 February 2026

Your name came across my desk countless times



 
 

🍁 ep599 - TOLERANCE IS DEAD

Jeremy MacKenzie 
 
Feb 12, 2026
 

Comments

Happy Valentines Day 
 
You should have called me back months ago. Now I don't care if you ever do 
 
Mikey Dawson's fans should tune into the 23 minute mark of this rant 
 
FYI My blog supports the fact that I called Dawson's NB office not long after Rebel News sent me a copy of his letter. The nice lady who answered the phone recognized my voice but did not know about the letter so I read it to her then we discussed anther issue. When she told me she getting a lot of calls I asked for him to call me back and let her off the hook. Mikey never did call back. However once CBC confirmed what the Rebel News had informed me I sent many sheople an email and posted it at the top of my Feb 9th blog about Mark Carney and David Eby  
 
 
 
 ---------- Original message --------- 
From: Rebel News 
Date: Wed, Feb 11, 2026 at 8:56 AM 
Subject: REBEL BUZZ | Conservative MP first to reject the automatic $10K parliamentary pay hike To: David Amos
 
 
 


Over 350,000 people march through Toronto | CTV National News for Saturday, Feb. 14, 2026

CTV News 
 
Feb 15, 2026
Hundreds of thousands of people showed up to call for a regime change in Iran as international scrutiny grows; political leaders are meeting in Munich, Germany to discuss and create deals relating to safety and security, a new survey suggests that many Canadians believe the U.S. would support an Alberta separation; and more.
 
 
 
 
 

‘Let’s get this bridge open’: Former MI governor on the Gordie Howe bridge | CTV Question Period

CTV News 
 
Feb 15, 2026
Former Michigan governor Rick Snyder says there’s real concerns about the future of the bridge and breaks down why it’s needed.
 

33 Comments

 
Methinks in light of the fact that the US Congress has finally opened the can of worms called the Epstein files many would agree that the Fat Lady has not sung yet N'esy Pas?
 
 
 
 
 
 

FULL DISCUSSION: Hillary Clinton and Global Leaders Debate West-West Divide at Munich Security |AC14

DWS News
 
Feb 15, 2026
Watch an exclusive panel at the Munich Security Conference discussing the West-West divide and the future of Western unity. Featuring Hillary Clinton, Radosław Sikorski, and Petr Macinka, and moderated by Bronwen Maddox, this session explores the challenges facing transatlantic relations, democratic values, and global security. 
 
Top policymakers and international experts debate whether shared Western ideals can survive in today’s complex geopolitical landscape. From Europe-US tensions to NATO strategies, this discussion provides unmatched insights into the future of Western alliances.
 
Don’t miss this must-watch panel breaking down critical issues shaping international security and global diplomacy. Stay informed on Western unity, policy debates, and geopolitical developments.
 

310 Comments

 
Methinks Hillary Clinton et al must have read the "Epstein files by now N'esy Pas?
 
 
 
 
---------- Original message ---------
From: Donald J. Trump <contact@win.donaldjtrump.com>
Date: Sat, Feb 14, 2026 at 3:28 PM
Subject: Your name came across my desk countless times...
To: Friend <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>


MAGA! >

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Conservative MP refusing pay bump was heckled, admonished by his colleagues

Mike Dawson says some of his colleagues are angry he's trying to forgo wage hike

The Conservative MP who went public with his intent to refuse a pending parliamentary pay increase was called out by the party whip in front of his colleagues and heckled as he tried to defend his decision, CBC News has learned.

In a letter to the House of Commons clerk that was made public Tuesday, New Brunswick Conservative MP Mike Dawson said he wanted his pay frozen because he couldn't in good conscience accept an increase while many working people are struggling to get by.

"It's frankly distasteful that parliamentarians are set to receive a raise while the working man (and woman) in this country hasn't seen a decent raise in decades," Dawson wrote.

That letter has not gone over well with some of his fellow Conservative MPs, who are now facing uncomfortable questions from their own constituents about why they are willing to accept a roughly $10,000 salary increase set to take effect in April.

Backbench MPs are currently paid $209,800 with committee chairs, ministers, the prime minister, the Speaker and his deputies, among other officeholders, entitled to additional remuneration.

The party's whip, MP Chris Warkentin, called Dawson out from the front of the room during a caucus meeting on Wednesday, multiple caucus sources told CBC News.

Warkentin told Dawson that the scheduled pay bump is set out in law and he's legally required to take it, sources said.

The Parliament of Canada Act sets MP salaries or "sessional allowances," as they're called in the legislation, and includes a provision that increases them every year using a complex formula based on pay increases in the private sector.

It's not clear how Dawson could refuse this statutory increase; he could, like other MPs have done in the past, simply donate a portion of his higher salary to charity.

Dawson was standing at the microphone used by MPs to speak to the leader, whip and other caucus leaders while he was being dressed down by Warkentin, one caucus source said.

When it was his chance to speak, some MPs, between six or eight of them, started to heckle him and he abruptly left the meeting, sources said.

Other Conservatives are 'hypocritical': MP

Reached by phone Thursday morning, Dawson confirmed there was a dust up.

Warkentin "didn't like that I did it" and "called me out in front of the caucus," Dawson told CBC News.

The MP said the party whip told him "I should've done it a different way, I guess. But I disagree," Dawson said.

"It's my money. If the rest of caucus didn't want to do it, I didn't ask the rest of caucus to do it.

"I didn't ask the rest of caucus to give the money back but maybe they should. It's pretty rich and hypocritical to get up on the floor of the House of Commons and talk about the cost of living and then criticize me for wanting to give my money back," Dawson said.

Dawson said there was "a lot of chirping going on" from other MPs when he tried to defend his actions at the microphone.

Conservative MP Chris Warkentin asks a question during question period in the House of Commons on Parliament Hill in Ottawa on Friday, Oct. 3, 2025.Conservative MP Chris Warkentin is the party's whip. (Sean Kilpatrick/The Canadian Press

"I couldn't speak. When I was trying to speak, nobody could hear anything I was trying to say," Dawson said. He confirmed he left amid the heckling.

One caucus source said the heckling Dawson faced "wasn't that bad, considering the level of anger" there is among MPs right now toward him for going public with the pay issue.

"He's opened a whole can of worms," this source said.

Dawson said he spoke to Conservative Leader Pierre Poilievre later by phone and they had "a great conversation," and there were "no disagreements," but he wouldn't elaborate further.

Warkentin and a spokesperson for Poilievre did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

Asked if what transpired bothered him, Dawson said he's not looking for respect from his parliamentary colleagues.

"I'm there to represent the people of Miramichi-Grand Lake. Those are the ones I care about if people respect me or not," he said.

And asked if the fracas is causing him to rethink his position in the Conservative caucus, Dawson said he's not considering crossing the floor to another party or sitting as an Independent.

"I'm a Conservative and I'm not a traitor," he said.

Dawson is also vowing to push ahead with his attempt to dodge the pay increase, despite some potential legal hurdles. "I'm not stopping. That's not in my DNA."

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Kate McKenna is a senior reporter with CBC’s parliamentary bureau in Ottawa, where she covers federal politics. She previously worked for CBC’s The Fifth Estate and in the Halifax, Montreal and Charlottetown newsrooms. Her investigative and breaking news coverage has won five RTDNA awards. She is the author of No Choice: The 30-Year Fight for Abortion on Prince Edward Island.

CBC's Journalistic Standards and Practices
 
 
 
 
 

Conservative MP Easily Sets Mainstream Reporter STRAIGHT!

Canadian Capital Clips 
 
Feb 13, 2026

156 Comments

 
Why did you repost this without the question about Dawson?
 
 
 
 
 
 

EXCLUSIVE: Conservative MP REFUSES PAY HIKE - Taxpayers interview him!

Canadian Taxpayers Federation 
 
Feb 12, 2026
When Canadians are struggling to afford the basics, the last thing taxpayers need is another pay hike for politicians. Conservative MP Mike Dawson has refused a pay hike, something we have been calling on all MPs to do for a long time! 
 
Watch the exclusive interview by Kris Sims here.
 

121 Comments

 
Methinks it was rather interesting timing to publish this interview N'esy Pas?
 
 
 
 
 

🍁 ep599 - TOLERANCE IS DEAD

Jeremy MacKenzie 
 
Feb 12, 2026
 

Comments

Happy Valentines Day 
 
You should have called me back months ago. Now I don't care if you ever do 
 
Mikey Dawson's fans should tune into the 23 minute mark of this rant 
 
FYI My blog supports the fact that I called Dawson's NB office not long after Rebel News sent me a copy of his letter. The nice lady who answered the phone recognized my voice but did not know about the letter so I read it to her then we discussed anther issue. When she told me she getting a lot of calls I asked for him to call me back and let her off the hook. Mikey never did call back. However once CBC confirmed what the Rebel News had informed me I sent many sheople an email and posted it at the top of my Feb 9th blog about Mark Carney and David Eby  
 
 
 
 ---------- Original message --------- 
From: Rebel News 
Date: Wed, Feb 11, 2026 at 8:56 AM 
Subject: REBEL BUZZ | Conservative MP first to reject the automatic $10K parliamentary pay hike To: David Amos
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

'It's time to get results': Conservative House Leader Scheer on staving off an election

CTV News 
 
Feb 10, 2026
Conservative House Leader Andrew Scheer talks about his party pledging to cooperate with the federal government to pass bills and avoid an election.
 

186 Comments

 
Methinks its obvious Andy Baby is playing Vassy like fiddle However much to my chagrin within this interview he is correct about Mikey Dawson's lament about their pay raise which was left out of this video for even more obvious reasons N'esy Pas?
 
 

---------- Original message ---------
From: Office of the Premier <scott.moe@gov.sk.ca>
Date: Wed, Feb 11, 2026 at 5:15 PM
Subject: Thank you for your email
To: David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>

This is to acknowledge that your email has been received by the Office of the Premier.

We appreciate the time you have taken to write.

 

NOTICE:  This e-mail was intended for a specific person.  If it has reached you by mistake, please delete it and advise me by return e-mail.  Any privilege associated with this information is not waived.  Thank you for your cooperation and assistance.

Avis: Ce message est confidentiel, peut être protégé par le secret professionnel et est à l'usage exclusif de son destinataire. Il est strictement interdit à toute autre personne de le diffuser, le distribuer ou le reproduire. Si le destinataire ne peut être joint ou vous est inconnu, veuillez informer l'expéditeur par courrier électronique immédiatement et effacer ce message et en détruire toute copie. Merci de votre cooperation.

 

Deja Vu Anyone???

 
 
 

Overflow crowd in North Battleford packs Saskatchewan Prosperity Project meeting

Rebel News 
 
Feb 9, 2026
The Battleford Wildlife Federation building was overcapacity as local residents turned out for the Saskatchewan Prosperity Project's meeting discussing a path to independence.
 

204 Comments

Is this dude the Executive Director of the Budget and Program Review Section for the Ministry of Finance???
 
 
 
 

Saskatchewan Prosperity Project drawing big crowds at independence events

Rebel News 
 
Feb 6, 2026
The Saskatchewan Prosperity Project's event was abuzz with energy; attendees voiced deep frustrations with Canada's Confederation. The core issues were the endless taxation, eroding freedoms, threats to gun rights, federal restrictions on resource development, a crumbling health-care system and a sense that the Canada they once knew had vanished. Visit Rebel News for more on this story ► https://rebelne.ws/4r2sVUj
 
 

273 Comments

Is this dude the Executive Director of the Budget and Program Review Section for the Ministry of Finance???

 



Will Saskatchewan separate from Canada? Head of Saskatchewan Prosperity Project gives his thoughts

Hal Roberts 
 
Dec 19, 2025
I chat with Brad Williams from the Saskatchewan Prosperity Project who explains how many in his province are frustrated with the federal government and are wanting to become an independent nation.
 

14 Comments

 
Is this dude the Executive Director of the Budget and Program Review Section for the Ministry of Finance???
 
 

Contact

Email :  saskprosperity@gmail.com

 

I called this dude and his voicemail proudly declared that he was not The Prosperity Guy    

 

https://www.saskatchewan.ca/government/directory?p=e8511b93-ac05-44b6-8f19-97f55f0daebf 

 

Brad Williams

Title Executive Director, Budget Review
Organization Budget and Program Review Section

Ministry of Finance
Telephone Number 306-787-0100
FAX 306-787-3982
Email brad.williams2@gov.sk.ca
Mailing Address 10th Floor, 2350 Albert Street, Regina, SK, S4P 4A6
 


---------- Original message ---------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, Feb 11, 2026 at 5:05 PM
Subject: Re: Anybody notice Mark Carney and David Eby at the top of this old email?
To: <chairman@sec.gov>, <washington.field@ic.fbi.gov>, <melanie.joly@ised-isde.gc.ca>, <fin.minfinance-financemin.fin@canada.ca>, <Wayne.Long@parl.gc.ca>, <Susan.Holt@gnb.ca>, <mcu@justice.gc.ca>, <Sean.Fraser@parl.gc.ca>, <Mark.Blakely@rcmp-grc.gc.ca>, <warren.mcbeath@rcmp-grc.gc.ca>, <tonymcquail@gmail.com>, <news@sec.gov>, <don.davies@parl.gc.ca>, <premier@ontario.ca>, <Michael.Duheme@rcmp-grc.gc.ca>, <Yves-Francois.Blanchet@parl.gc.ca>, <dan.albas@parl.gc.ca>, <bobpozen@mit.edu>, <francois-philippe.champagne@parl.gc.ca>, <premier@gov.ab.ca>, <scott.moe@gov.sk.ca>, <premier@gov.nl.ca>, <premier@gov.pe.ca>, <premier@gov.yk.ca>, <twolabradors@shaw.ca>, <Nathalie.G.Drouin@pco-bcp.gc.ca>, <Premier@gov.bc.ca>
Cc: <mdcohen212@gmail.com>, <CommissionerPeirce@sec.gov>, <CommissionerUyeda@sec.gov>, <boston@sec.gov>, <newyork@sec.gov>, <chicago@sec.gov>, <ombudsman@sec.gov>, <info@rebelnews.com>, <DFlaherty@mfs.com>, <pm@pm.gc.ca>, <cei@nbnet.nb.ca>, <rchedore@mosherchedore.ca>, <peter.mackay@mcinnescooper.com>, <Frank.McKenna@td.com>, <pierre.poilievre@parl.gc.ca>, <richard.bragdon@parl.gc.ca>, <john.williamson@parl.gc.ca>, <rob.moore@parl.gc.ca>, <aaron.gunn@parl.gc.ca>, <mike.dawson@parl.gc.ca>, <clifford.small@parl.gc.ca>, <jonathan.rowe@parl.gc.ca>, <carol.anstey@parl.gc.ca>, <Patrick.Fitzgerald@skadden.com>, <contact@win.donaldjtrump.com>, <djtjr@trumporg.com>
 


---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: Blanchet, Yves-François - Député <Yves-Francois.Blanchet@parl.gc.ca>
Date: Tue, Nov 4, 2025 at 2:03 PM
Subject: Réponse automatique : Anybody notice Mark Carney and David Eby at the top of this old email?
To: David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>

(Ceci est une réponse automatique)

(English follows)

 

Bonjour,


Nous avons bien reçu votre courriel et nous vous remercions d'avoir écrit à M. Yves-François Blanchet, député de Beloeil-Chambly et chef du Bloc Québécois.

 

Comme nous avons un volume important de courriels, il nous est impossible de répondre à tous individuellement. Soyez assuré(e) que votre courriel recevra toute l'attention nécessaire.

 

Nous ne répondons pas à la correspondance contenant un langage offensant.

 

 

L'équipe du député Yves-François Blanchet

Chef du Bloc Québécois

 

Thank you for your email. We will read it as soon as we can.

 

We do not respond to correspondence that contains offensive language.

 

 
 

Lisa A. Skrzycki 
Acting Ombuds  
 
 
 

Ombuds

Who We Are

The SEC Ombuds is an independent, neutral office created to assist retail investors and other members of the public in resolving concerns, questions, and complaints about the SEC, self-regulatory organizations (SROs) such as FINRA and the exchanges such as the NYSE that are subject to SEC oversight.

With cumulative decades of experience spanning across the federal securities laws, the Ombuds team of attorneys is uniquely poised and dedicated to helping investors find solutions to their questions and problems with the SEC and SROs.

What We Do

Although we cannot advocate on behalf of any individual, our team will listen to your concerns, review the information you provide, and conduct tailored research to identify appropriate procedures, options, and resources available to you. We may study issues impacting retail investor interests, escalate those issues to the Investor Advocate and others within the Commission, and monitor those issues as necessary.  

The Ombuds takes reasonable steps to protect the confidentiality of those who seek our assistance. In certain circumstances, however, the Ombuds team might need to share information with other divisions and offices – such as where the threat of imminent risk or harm exists; allegations relating to violations of the securities laws; allegations of government fraud, waste, or abuse; or as otherwise required by law, such as the Freedom of Information Act.

 
 
 

Conservative MP says he's refusing annual pay raise set for April

MPs get a bump every April according to rules governing politicians' pay

A Conservative MP says he is asking the House of Commons to freeze his salary before parliamentarians get their annual pay bump in April.

New Brunswick MP Mike Dawson posted a letter on Facebook where he asks the clerk of the House to "make the necessary arrangements with the payroll and benefits administration" to ensure that his salary doesn't increase.

"At a time when everyday Canadians are struggling to keep up with rising cost of living I cannot in good conscience accept the pay increase," Dawson wrote in his letter.

"It's frankly distasteful that parliamentarians are set to receive a raise while the working man (and woman) in this country hasn't seen a decent raise in decades."

Parliamentarians of all stripes will receive a salary bump because of the annual increases written in the legislation governing politicians' pay. The precise number each year comes from tracking an index of wage settlements in the private sector, according to the House of Commons.

Employment and Social Development Canada has yet to publish the final indexed rate for 2025, but Dawson indicated in his letter that he anticipates it would be roughly around $10,000.

Against his 'moral compass'

Dawson said taking a pay raise at this moment would go against his "moral compass."

"I didn't come here for the salary. I came here because I wanted to do better for Canada and better for [the riding of] Miramich-Grand Lake," he told CBC News in an interview.

It's not clear if Dawson can on his own reject the pay raise. CBC News has reached out to the House of Commons administration for clarification.

Dawson said if he can't opt out of the raise he will look to donate it to local charities or food banks.

The move garnered praise from the Canadian Taxpayers Federation.

"It takes courage to stand alone and do the right thing and Dawson is showing real guts to turn down this pay raise," Franco Terrazzano, Canadian Taxpayers Federation director, said in a statement.

Based on the annual pay increase schedule, backbench MPs started making a yearly salary of more than $200,000 in 2024.

Salaries for special offices — like ministers, parliamentary secretaries, the Speaker and the prime minister — are higher. Prime ministers make more than $400,000 a year, while ministers and the leader of the Official Opposition are paid roughly $300,000.

Last week, Terazzano called on MPs to stop the automatic pay raises entirely.

"Real leadership would mean MPs cutting their pay, and, at the very least, politicians should put an end to the pay raises until the government stops borrowing money and starts paying down the debt," he said in a statement.

Dawson said he didn't mean for his public request regarding the pay raise to put pressure on his colleagues to do the same.

"I don't expect my colleagues to give it up. Each person has to make that individual choice themselves," he said.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR


Darren Major

Senior writer

Darren Major is a senior writer for CBC's parliamentary bureau in Ottawa. He previously worked as a digital reporter for CBC Ottawa and a producer for CBC's Power & Politics. He holds a master's degree in journalism and a bachelor's degree in public affairs and policy management, both from Carleton University. He also holds master's degree in arts from Queen's University. He can be reached at darren.major@cbc.ca.

With files from Catherine Cullen

CBC's Journalistic Standards and Practices



---------- Original message ---------
From: Rebel News <info@rebelnews.com>
Date: Wed, Feb 11, 2026 at 8:56 AM
Subject: REBEL BUZZ | Conservative MP first to reject the automatic $10K parliamentary pay hike
To: David Amos <David.Raymond.Amos333@gmail.com>
 
 
 
 
 

Conservative MP first to reject the automatic $10K parliamentary pay hike

Former drywaller and contractor MP Mike Dawson calls the routine April 1 raise ‘distasteful’ as Canadians struggle under Prime Minister Mark Carney’s watch.

 

Conservative MP Mike Dawson from Miramichi-Grand Lake has officially declined the upcoming 4.2% parliamentary pay hike set for April 1, in a refreshing display of integrity amid Canada's crushing cost-of-living crisis.

That's nearly $10,000 extra per MP, while everyday Canadians scrape by with stagnant wages and skyrocketing bills. As a former drywaller and contractor, Dawson gets it: "I cannot in good conscience accept the pay increase… which every Member of Parliament is set to receive,” he wrote.

The letter, addressed to House of Common’s Clerk Eric Janse, called the automatic raise “distasteful… while the working man (and woman) of this country hasn’t seen a decent raise in decades.”

This is the kind of leadership Canadians are increasingly desperate for, which puts taxpayers first instead of further padding pockets.

Meanwhile, under globalist banker and now Prime Minister Mark Carney's watch, inflation rages on.

Canadians are struggling. From groceries to rent to utilities, everything's up.

Will other MPs, especially Liberals, follow suit? Or will they keep feasting at the trough?

 

Image

Tell Ottawa: No More Automatic MP Raises While Canadians Fall Behind

1,887 signatures
Goal: 15,000 signatures

Members of Parliament automatically receive pay raises each year, while Canadian families continue to face wage stagnation and rising inflation. It’s time to freeze MP salaries and tie any future increases to the real income growth of working Canadians, not to insider indexing. Please sign the petition to stop self-approved pay hikes in Ottawa today.

Tamara Ugolini

Senior Editor

Tamara Ugolini is an informed choice advocate turned journalist whose journey into motherhood sparked her passion for parental rights and the importance of true informed consent. She critically examines the shortcomings of "Big Policy" and its impact on individuals, while challenging mainstream narratives to empower others in their decision-making.

  
 
 
 
 
 

Automatic reply: Anybody notice Mark Carney and David Eby at the top of this old email?

Inbox

Minister of Finance / Ministre des Finances

3:48 PM (5 hours ago)



to me
It looks like this message is in French
The Department of Finance Canada acknowledges receipt of your electronic correspondence.
Please be assured that we appreciate receiving your comments.


Le ministère des Finances Canada accuse réception de votre courriel.
Nous vous assurons que vos commentaires sont les bienvenus.
 
 
 
 
 



David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>

Anybody notice Mark Carney and David Eby at the top of this old email?

David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>Mon, Feb 9, 2026 at 3:41 PM
To: chairman@sec.gov, washington.field@ic.fbi.gov, melanie.joly@ised-isde.gc.ca, fin.minfinance-financemin.fin@canada.ca, Wayne.Long@parl.gc.ca, Susan.Holt@gnb.ca, mcu@justice.gc.ca, Sean.Fraser@parl.gc.ca, Mark.Blakely@rcmp-grc.gc.ca, warren.mcbeath@rcmp-grc.gc.ca, tonymcquail@gmail.com, news@sec.gov, don.davies@parl.gc.ca, premier@ontario.ca, Michael.Duheme@rcmp-grc.gc.ca, Yves-Francois.Blanchet@parl.gc.ca, dan.albas@parl.gc.ca, bobpozen@mit.edu
Cc: mdcohen212@gmail.com, CommissionerPeirce@sec.gov, CommissionerUyeda@sec.gov, boston@sec.gov, newyork@sec.gov, chicago@sec.gov


---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: Minister of Finance / Ministre des Finances <minister-ministre@fin.gc.ca>
Date: Tue, Dec 16, 2025 at 6:44 PM
Subject: Automatic reply: YO Christopher Perry here is some of what you did not wish to know
To: David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>

The Department of Finance Canada acknowledges receipt of your electronic correspondence.
Please be assured that we appreciate receiving your comments.

Le ministère des Finances Canada accuse réception de votre courriel.
Nous vous assurons que vos commentaires sont les bienvenus.


---------- Original message ---------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, Dec 16, 2025 at 6:43 PM
Subject: YO Christopher Perry here is some of what you did not wish to know
To: <cdp7@ntrs.com>, Ted McEnroe <Ted.McEnroe@tbf.org>
Cc: fin.minfinance-financemin.fin <fin.minfinance-financemin.fin@canada.ca>



Christopher Perry
Northern Trust
One International Place
Suite 1600
Boston MA 02110
617-235-1835


Sunday, 6 July 2025

Where did all the hearings go???

 

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Mike W. Robergehttps://www.mfs.com/content/dam/mfs-enterprise/mfscom/images/people/000000000-premium-portrait-refresh/michael-roberge-433x528.jpg                                                                                Michael W. Roberge, CFA, is chair of MFS Investment Management® (MFS®). He helps set the strategic direction of the firm. He is the chair of the Chairman's Committee, chair of the MFS Board of Directors, and a trustee on the MFS mutual funds board. Michael became chair in 2025 after leading the firm as CEO from 2017 to 2024. In addition, he held the role of chief investment officer from 2010 through 2018. He also previously held the roles of president of MFS from 2010 through 2017 and co-CEO from 2015 through 2016. In 2006, he was appointed chief investment officer -- US Investments and co-director of Global Research. Before that, he was senior vice president and associate director of Fixed Income Research and served as portfolio manager for several MFS fixed income funds. He joined the firm in 1996 as a credit analyst in the municipal fixed income group. Before joining MFS, he was a municipal credit analyst and portfolio manager for the Colonial Group from 1995 to 1996 and a credit analyst with Moody's Investors Service from 1991 to 1994. Michael earned a Bachelor of Science degree from Bemidji State (Minn.) University in 1990 and a Master of Business Administration degree from Hofstra University in 1992. He is a Chartered Financial Analyst and a member of the CFA Society Boston. He is also the vice chair of the board of Horizons for Homeless Children, a Boston-based nonprofit organization dedicated to combatting the negative impact of homelessness on children and families.


https://www.mfs.com/content/dam/mfs-enterprise/mfscom/images/people/000000000-premium-portrait-refresh/heidi-hardin-433x528.jpg
Heidi W. Hardin is executive vice president and general counsel at MFS Investment Management® (MFS®). She leads the Legal, Compliance and Enterprise Risk Management departments and is a member of the firm's Enterprise Leadership Team and the Chairman's Committee. Heidi joined MFS in 2017 from Harris Associates, where she had been the general counsel since 2015. She spent the prior 16 years at Janus Capital Group Inc., holding multiple senior legal roles, with her last role being senior vice president and general counsel of Janus Capital Management LLC, the firm's global asset management business. Earlier in her career she was a vice president, senior legal counsel and chief compliance officer for Liberty Funds Group and a litigation associate at Beeler Schad & Diamond P.C. She began her career in the financial services industry in 1993. Heidi earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from DePauw University and a Juris Doctor degree from Chicago- Kent College of Law. She is a member of the board of directors of ICI Mutual Insurance Company and the Advisory Board of The Boston Ballet. 
 
Address BOSTON
Phone 1-800-637-8255
 
Angela Fader
Sr Assist Analyst at MFS Investment Management
Greater Phoenix Area
 602 322 8045
 
 https://www.blbglaw.com/cases-investigations/mfs-mutual-fund-litigation

MFS Mutual Fund Fraud Litigation

Court: United States District Court for the District of Maryland
Case Number: 04-md-15863
Class Period: 12/15/1998 - 12/08/2003

Following a hearing on May 3, 2004 in the massive mutual fund litigation, the United States District Court for the District of Maryland appointed BLB&G client the City of Chicago Deferred Compensation Plan as Lead Plaintiff in the securities fraud class action against Massachusetts Financial Services Company ("MFS"), the investment advisor to the MFS Funds, and others.

On March 1, 2006, the Court sustained the Consolidated Amended Class Action Complaint, allowing the case to move forward against certain defendants.

SUMMARY OF ALLEGATIONS:

The Complaint in this litigation alleges that MFS and certain of its senior executives were aware of, engaged in and facilitated "timing" trades in the MFS Funds: a money-making act involving short-term trading in and out of a mutual fund.  The technique is designed to exploit inefficiencies in the way mutual fund companies price their shares by allowing certain customers to trade shares at distorted prices that no longer reflect the true value of the fund.  As a result, those few customers permitted to engage in market timing typically reap huge profits, the cost of which are borne primarily by the long-term investors in the relevant fund.

The public filings issued by the Defendants stated that, "MFS funds do not permit market-timing or other excessive trading practices that may disrupt portfolio management strategies and may harm fund performance."  In reality, however, the Defendants knew, or recklessly disregarded, the fact that trades were being timed and that these timed trades negatively and materially impacted the MFS Funds, thereby causing significant losses to investors in the MFS Funds.

On February 5, 2004, MFS agreed to entry of a cease and desist order by the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") against MFS and John W. Ballen ("Ballen"), MFS's current chief executive officer, and Kevin R. Parke ("Parke"), MFS's current president and chief investment officer ("Cease and Desist Order").  Specifically, the SEC found that MFS, Ballen and Parke allowed widespread market timing trading in certain MFS Funds from at least late 1999 through October 2003, in contravention of the Funds' public disclosures.  In particular, MFS explicitly informed certain select brokers in a written memo that "unrestricted" trading would be permitted in certain MFS funds (known internally at MFS as "Unrestricted Funds"), including the Massachusetts Investors Growth Stock Fund, "even if a pattern of excessive trading has been detected."  Not only did MFS selectively enforce its market-timing policies, but executives at MFS facilitated the frequent trading in and out of certain MFS Funds by steering select investors to these "Unrestricted Funds."  As the Cease and Desist Order confirms, as much as $2 billion in timing money flowed into MFS Funds during the Class Period.

Internal MFS documents and policies acknowledged that market timing was detrimental to long-term shareholders.  In fact, as early as June 2000, an internal presentation entitled "Market Timing Wheel of Terror," warned that "[l]ong term investors are being penalized" by market timing activity.  Nevertheless, the market timing activity persisted in the MFS "Unrestricted Funds."  Moreover, MFS's select enforcement of its trading policies also included late trading, which alone caused well over $100 million in investor losses.  And, as further alleged in the complaint, various brokers and financial institutions also participated in the market timing schemes, to the detriment of ordinary investors.

MFS's policy of allowing market-timing and steering select investors to the "Unrestricted Funds" was adopted as a means to increase profits by luring market timing assets so as to increase funds under management, and, therefore, increase fees paid to MFS for investment advisory services.  These additional assets under management also resulted in an increased bonus pool from which MFS employees, including Ballen and Parke, were paid excessive compensation.  During this period, none of the above detailed material information was disclosed to the members of the Class.  In addition to the profits from their market timing, MFS also profited by charging ordinary investors hundreds of millions of dollars in management fees while breaching their fiduciary duties to those very same investors.

On May 20, 2010, the Court preliminarily approved proposed settlements, totaling $75,042,250, that would resolve this litigation. On October 25, 2010, the Court entered Judgments granting final approval to the settlements and entered separate Orders granting Plaintiffs' Counsel's application for an award of attorneys' fees and expenses and approving the Plan of Allocation of the settlement proceeds. 

The claims administration process has concluded and the net settlement fund has been fully disbursed. This matter is considered closed.

 
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF MARYLAND
IN RE MUTUAL FUNDS INVESTMENT
LITIGATION
This Document Relates To:
In re MFS
04-md-15863-04
MDL 1586
Case No. 04-MD-15863
(Judge J. Frederick Motz)
BRUCE RIGGS, et al., Individually and
On Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated,
Plaintiff,
v.
MASSACHUSETTS FINANCIAL
SERVICES COMPANY, et al.
Defendants.
Case No. 04-cv-01162-JFM

CONSOLIDATED AMENDED CLASS ACTION COMPLAINT
 
 
 95
Dated: September 29, 2004 BERNSTEIN LITOWITZ BERGER
& GROSSMANN LLP
/s/
ALAN SCHULMAN
ROBERT S. GANS
TIMOTHY A. DeLANGE
JERALD D. BIEN-WILLNER
12544 High Bluff Drive, Suite 150
San Diego, CA 92130
Tel: (858) 793-0070
Fax: (858) 793-0323
-and-
J. ERIK SANDSTEDT
JOSEPH A. FONTI
1285 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10019
Tel: (212) 554-1400
Fax: (212) 554-1444
Lead Counsel
Dated: September 29, 2004 TYDINGS & ROSENBERG LLP
/s/
WILLIAM C. SAMMONS, Fed Bar No. 02366
JOHN B. ISBISTER, Fed Bar No. 00639
100 East Pratt Street, 26th Floor
Baltimore, MD 21202
Tel: (410) 752-9700
Fax: (410) 727-5460
Liaison Counsel
 
 


---------- Original message ---------
From: Minister of Finance / Ministre des Finances <minister-ministre@fin.gc.ca>
Date: Mon, Jul 7, 2025 at 1:56 PM
Subject: Automatic reply: 617 954 4225 RE Robert Pozen Former executive chairman of MFS Investment Management
To: David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>

The Department of Finance acknowledges receipt of your electronic correspondence. Please be assured that we appreciate receiving your comments.Le ministère des Finances Canada accuse réception de votre courriel. Nous vous assurons que vos commentaires sont les bienvenus. 
 


---------- Original message ---------
From: Fraser, Sean - M.P. <Sean.Fraser@parl.gc.ca>
Date: Mon, Jul 7, 2025 at 1:57 PM
Subject: Automatic reply: 617 954 4225 RE Robert Pozen Former executive chairman of MFS Investment Management
To: David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>


Thank you for your contacting the constituency office of Sean Fraser, Member of Parliament for Central Nova.


This is an automated reply.


Please note that all correspondence is read, however due to the high volume of emails we receive on a daily basis there may be a delay in getting back to you. Priority will be given to residents of Central Nova.


To ensure we get back to you in a timely manner, please include your full name, home address including postal code and phone number when reaching out.

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---------- Original message ---------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, Jul 7, 2025 at 1:53 PM
Subject: Fwd: 617 954 4225 RE Robert Pozen Former executive chairman of MFS Investment Management
To: <bobpozen@mit.edu>, fin.minfinance-financemin.fin <fin.minfinance-financemin.fin@canada.ca>, ministryofjustice <ministryofjustice@gov.ab.ca>, justmin <justmin@gov.ns.ca>, Mike.Comeau <Mike.Comeau@gnb.ca>, <CrownAdminOttawa@ontario.ca>, mcu <mcu@justice.gc.ca>, Sean.Fraser <Sean.Fraser@parl.gc.ca>, pm <pm@pm.gc.ca>




---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, Jul 7, 2025 at 1:49 PM
Subject: 617 954 4225 RE Robert Pozen Former executive chairman of MFS Investment Management
To: <Leadership@mfs.com>, <kimc714@mit.edu>
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry

Date:   Tuesday, November 18, 2003 Time:   10:00 AM

Topic

The Committee will meet in OPEN SESSION to conduct the first in a series of hearings on the “Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry.”

Witnesses

Witness Panel 1

  1. Mr. William H. Donaldson
    Chairman
    Securities and Exchange Commission

Witness Panel 2

  1. Mr. Matthew P. Fink
    President
    Investment Company Institute
  2. Mr. Marc Lackritz
    President
    Securities Industry Association
 



 

Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry

Date:   Thursday, November 20, 2003 Time:   02:00 PM

Topic

The Committee will meet in OPEN SESSION to conduct the second in a series of hearings on the “Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry.”

Witnesses

Witness Panel 1

  1. Mr. Stephen M. Cutler
    Director - Division of Enforcement
    Securities and Exchange Commission
  2. Mr. Robert Glauber
    Chairman and CEO
    National Association of Securities Dealers
  3. Eliot Spitzer
    Attorney General
    State of New York
 
 
 
 
 


Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: Understanding the Fund Industry from the Investor’s Perspective

Date:   Wednesday, February 25, 2004 Time:   10:00 AM

Topic

The Committee will meet in OPEN SESSION to conduct a hearing on “A Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: Understanding the Fund Industry from the Investor’s Perspective.”

Witnesses

Witness Panel 1

  1. Mr. Tim Berry
    Treasurer
    State of Indiana
  2. Honorable Gary Gensler
    Chairman
    U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission
  3. Mr. James K. Glassman
    Resident Fellow
    American Enterprise Institute
  4. Mr. Don Phillips
    Managing Director
    Morningstar, Inc
  5. Mr. Jim Riepe
    Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors
    T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.


 

Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: Fund Operations and Governance.

Date:   Thursday, February 26, 2004 Time:   02:00 PM

Topic

The Committee will meet in OPEN SESSION to conduct a hearing on “Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: Fund Operations and Governance.” Rescheduled from February 3rd.

Witnesses

Witness Panel 1

  1. Mr. Jack Bogle
    Founder
    The Vanguard Group
  2. Ms. Mellody Hobson
    President
    Ariel Capital Management
  3. Mr. David Pottruck
    President, Chief Executive Officer and a member of the Board of Directors
    Charles Schwab
  4. Mr. David Ruder
    Former Chairmen
    U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
 
 
 
 

Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: The Regulatory Landscape

Date:   Wednesday, March 10, 2004 Time:   10:00 AM

Topic

The Committee will meet in OPEN SESSION to conduct the sixth in a series of hearings on "A Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: The Regulatory Landscape."

Witnesses

Witness Panel 1

  1. Ms. Lori Richards
    Director, Office of Compliance, Inspections, and Examinations
    Securities and Exchange Commission
  2. Mr. Paul Roye
    Director, Division of Investment Management
    Securities and Exchange Commission
  3. Ms. Mary Schapiro
    Vice Chairman of NASD and President of NASD Regulatory Policy & Oversight
    National Association of Securities Dealers
  4. Honorable David M. Walker
    Comptroller General of the United States
 
 
 

Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: Fund Operations and Governance

Date:   Tuesday, March 23, 2004 Time:   10:00 AM

Topic

The Committee will meet in OPEN SESSION to conduct the sixth in a series of hearings on "A Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: Fund Operations and Governance."

Witnesses

Witness Panel 1

  1. Professor Mercer Bullard
    Associate Professor of Law
    University of Mississippi School of Law
  2. Mr. William D Lutz
    Professor of English
    Rutgers University
  3. Mr. Robert Pozen
    Non-Executive Chairman
    Massachusetts Financial Services Co.
  4. Ms. Barbara Roper
    Director of Investor Protection
    Consumer Federation of America
 
 
 

Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: Fund Costs and Distribution Practices

Date:   Wednesday, March 31, 2004 Time:   02:30 PM

Topic

The Committee will meet in OPEN SESSION to conduct the nineth in a series of hearings reviewing the current investigations and regulatory actions in the mutual fund industry.

Witnesses

Witness Panel 1

  1. Honorable Daniel K. Akaka (D-HI)
    United States Senator
  2. Honorable Susan Collins (R-ME)
    United States Senator
  3. Honorable Peter Fitzgerald (R-IL)
    United States Senator
  4. Honorable Carl Levin (D-MI)
    United States Senator

Witness Panel 2

  1. Mr. Paul G. Haaga, Jr.
    Executive Vice President and Director of Capitol Research and Management Company, and Chairman of the Investment Company Institute
  2. Mr. Chet Helck
    President and Chief Operating Officer
    Raymond James Financial
  3. Mr. Thomas Putnam
    Founder and CEO
    Fenimore Asset Management
  4. Mr. Edward Siedle
    Founder and President
    The Benchmark Companies
  5. Mr. Mark Treanor
    General Counsel and Head of Legal Department
    Wachovia Corporation
 
 
 
 

Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: The SEC's Perspective

Date:   Thursday, April 8, 2004 Time:   10:00 AM

Topic

The Committee will meet in OPEN SESSION to conduct the tenth in a series of hearings regarding a "Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry". This hearing will focus on the views of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Witnesses

Witness Panel 1

  1. Mr. William H. Donaldson
    Chairman
    Securities and Exchange Commission
 
 
 
 
 
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97–186 PDF 2004
S. HRG . 108–711
REVIEW OF CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS
AND REGULATORY ACTIONS REGARDING
THE MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY
HEARINGS
BEFORE THE
COMMITTEE ON
BANKING, HOUSING, AND URBAN AFFAIRS
UNITED STATES SENATE
ONE HUNDRED EIGHTH CONGRESS
FIRST AND SECOND SESSION
ON
INVESTIGATIONS AND REGULATORY ACTIONS REGARDING THE
MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY AND INVESTORS’ PROTECTION
NOVEMBER 18, 20, 2003, FEBRUARY 25, 26, MARCH 2, 10, 23, 31, AND
APRIL 8, 2004
Printed for the use of the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs

(1)
REVIEW OF CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS
AND REGULATORY ACTIONS REGARDING
THE MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY
TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 2003
U.S. SENATE,
COMMITTEE ON BANKING, HOUSING, AND URBAN AFFAIRS,
Washington, DC.
The Committee met at 10 a.m. in room SD–538 of the Dirksen
Senate Office Building, Senator Richard C. Shelby (Chairman of
the Committee) presiding.
OPENING STATEMENT OF CHAIRMAN RICHARD C. SHELBY
Chairman SHELBY. The hearing shall come to order.
This hearing is part of the Committee’s ongoing oversight of the
mutual fund industry. Today, the Committee will review current
investigations and enforcement proceedings and examine regu-
latory actions taken to date in order to fully inform and guide the
Banking Committee’s consideration of possible legislative reform.
On September 30, 2003, this Committee first examined the scope
of problems confronting the mutual fund industry. At that time,
Chairman Donaldson testified about the SEC’s ongoing enforce-
ment actions and described the SEC’s regulatory blueprint for
adopting new regulations aimed at improving the transparency of
fund operations and stopping abusive trading practices. Since
Chairman Donaldson’s testimony, we have learned that improper
fund trading practices are a widespread problem that fund insiders,
brokers, and privileged clients have profited from at the expense of
average investors.
In early September, New York Attorney General Spitzer uncov-
ered arrangements through which brokers facilitated improper
trades for their clients in certain prominent mutual funds in ex-
change for large, fee generating investments. Since this initial set-
tlement, we have learned the extent to which both intermediaries,
such as brokers, and fund executives have engaged in illicit trading
activities. We have read about the backhanded ways by which the
brokers colluded with their customers to disguise improper trade
orders to make them appear legitimate, thus evading detection by
mutual fund policing systems.
Even in situations where mutual funds attempted to halt im-
proper trading activity, certain brokers created fictitious names
and account numbers to fool fund compliance officers and to con-
tinue trading. Recent investigations have also revealed that mutual
fund executives and portfolio managers have actively engaged in
2
improper trading activity. And these allegations are particularly
troubling because fund executives and portfolio managers have
represented themselves as protecting client assets, but they failed
by either knowingly permitting improper trading by brokers or
actively engaging in illegal trading activities themselves.
Such practices may not only violate prospectus disclosures, but
also violate the fiduciary duties that funds owe to their share-
holders—the duties to treat all shareholders equitably and to pro-
tect shareholder interests. Further, regulators have indicated that
they may soon file charges against funds that have selectively
disclosed portfolio information to certain privileged investors and
fund executives that may have engaged in illegal insider trading by
acting on the basis of nonpublic information.
As this Committee made clear during Chairman William H.
Donaldson’s September 30 appearance here, a regulatory response
to improper trading activities is just one of the many actions that
the SEC must take to address the many troubling issues that have
come to light in the mutual fund industry. This Committee remains
concerned with the transparency of fund operations and ensuring
that investors can learn how their fund is being managed. It has
become very, very apparent that many of the questionable fund
practices that are now being examined are not just the result of a
few bad actors, but are longstanding industry practices that have
largely gone unregulated and not well disclosed to, or understood
by, most investors.
Therefore, this Committee must take a comprehensive look, I be-
lieve, at the industry to determine if the industry’s operations and
practices are consistent with investors’ interests and the greater
interests of the market. It may be that we must consider possible
realignment of interests to ensure that mutual funds are operating
as efficiently and fairly as the market and investors demand. We
will examine fund disclosure practices regarding fees, trading costs,
sales commissions, and portfolio holdings. So, we will continue to
question the conflicts of interest surrounding the relationship be-
tween the investment adviser and the fund and how potential
changes to fund governance and disclosure practices may minimize
these conflicts.
We will also focus on fund sales practices to ensure that brokers
sell suitable investments to their clients, provide adequate disclo-
sure of any sales incentives, and give clients any breakpoint dis-
counts to which they are entitled.
Chairman Donaldson has told this Committee that the SEC has
the necessary statutory authority to reform the mutual fund indus-
try and is in the process of conducting a comprehensive rulemak-
ing. As we have learned in other contexts, however, additional reg-
ulation is not the only answer. Late trading is clearly illegal and
market timing is actively deterred and policed. Despite prohibitions
and warnings, these activities continued unabated because of the
inadequate compliance and enforcement regimes at the SEC, the
mutual funds and the brokers. Whether due to a lack of resources
or other pressing priorities, mutual fund abuses simply did not re-
ceive adequate attention from the SEC. Although recent enforce-
ment actions indicate that priorities have changed, we need to
understand how the SEC will revise compliance programs to detect
and halt future fund abuses.
Vigorous enforcement remains the key to restoring integrity to
the fund industry, and Attorney General Spitzer’s timely actions
once again demonstrate, I believe, the significant role that States
play in prosecuting fraud and abuse in the securities markets. Re-
gardless of the number of rules or amount of resources, it would
be impractical to expect the SEC to detect every single fraud and
manipulation in the fund industry. Therefore, the mutual funds
and the brokerage houses themselves must proactively adopt new
compliance measures to detect fraud and abuse. For many years,
participants in the mutual fund industry maintain industry ‘‘best
practices.’’ These practices, however, have clearly proven to be in-
adequate as brokers and funds have disregarded conflicts of inter-
est and colluded at the expense of investors without detection.
Although funds and brokers owe different types of duties to their
investors, both groups have an obligation to refrain from knowingly
ignoring their clients’ interests and profiting at their expense.
With over 95 million investors and $7 trillion—yes, $7 trillion—
in assets, mutual funds have always been perceived as the safe
investment option for average investors. America has become a Na-
tion of investors, but there is no doubt that recent revelations
about mutual funds have caused very many to question the per-
ceived fairness of the industry. Many are surprised to learn that
the mutual fund industry is plagued by the same conflict that was
at the root of the Enron scandal and the global settlement—one set
of profitable rules for insiders and another costly set for average
investors.
Beyond the legal concepts of fiduciary duties and transparency,
there is a more fundamental principle that should underlie the
operation of the mutual fund industry and our securities markets
in general.
This principle is that securities firms and mutual funds should
not neglect investors’ interests and knowingly profit at their ex-
pense. Until firms can demonstrate an ability to abide by this
ideal, investors will not trust the markets, nor should they. In our
own way, Congress, the SEC and regulators, and industry partici-
pants must collectively work to reform the mutual fund industry in
order to restore investor confidence. I believe, we must reassure in-
vestors that mutual funds are a vehicle in which they can safely
invest their money and not fall victim to financial schemes. The
mutual fund industry is simply too important to too many Ameri-
cans to do otherwise.
Examining the mutual fund industry is a priority for this Com-
mittee, and I look forward to working with my fellow Committee
Members, especially Senators Enzi, Dodd, and Corzine, all of whom
have already expressed significant interest in this issue.
Our first witness today is Chairman Bill Donaldson, and on the
second panel we will hear from Matthew Fink, President of the In-
vestment Company Institute, and Marc Lackritz, President of the
Securities Industry Association.
Now, I will call on my Members.
Senator Sarbanes.


 
 
Statement of Robert C. Pozen
Chairman
MFS Investment Management
and
Visiting Professor
Harvard Law School

“REVIEW OF CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS AND REGULATORY ACTIONS
REGARDING THE MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY:
FUND OPERATIONS AND GOVERNANCE”

COMMITTEE ON BANKING, HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS
UNITED STATES SENATE
 
March 23, 2004

Thank you Chairman Shelby, Ranking Member Sarbanes and other members of the
Committee for this opportunity to present my views on appropriate reforms for the mutual fund
industry.

My name is Robert C. Pozen and I am from Boston, Massachusetts. I am currently
Chairman of MFS Investment Management, which manages approximately $140 billion for
approximately 370 accounts including over 100 mutual funds serving approximately six million
investors. I am also a visiting professor at Harvard Law School and author of the textbook
The
Mutual Fund Business
(2 ed. Houghton Mifflin 2001).

I commend the Committee for engaging in a deliberative and broad-ranging review of the
operations and regulation of the mutual fund industry. While I welcome questions about any
aspect of the fund industry, I will limit my testimony today to three areas where I believe that MFS is helping to set important new standards for the fund industry: 
 
1) maximized shareholder valuethrough fund brokerage; 
 
2) individualized reporting of shareholder expenses; and 
 
3) structural enhancements for fund governance. We are making changes in these three areas to benefit MFS shareholders and, if followed by the rest of the industry, to benefit all fund shareholders.
 
 
I. Reducing Reliance on Soft Dollars
The current system of paying for goods and services with “soft dollars”, taken out of
brokerage commissions, is detrimental to mutual fund shareholders. The use of “soft dollar”
payments makes it virtually impossible for a fund manager to ascertain the true costs of executing trades because execution costs are bundled together with the costs of other goods and services such as research reports and Bloomberg terminals. If these costs were unbundled, then fund managers could pay cash out of their own pockets for independent research or market data, and could negotiate for lower execution prices for fund shareholders.

 
Currently, if a trader from a mutual fund executes fund trades through a full-service
broker on Wall Street, the trader pays five cents a share for execution plus a broad range of
goods or services from the executing broker or third parties: e.g., securities research, market data and brokerage allocations to promote fund sales. These goods and services are paid in “soft dollars”: that is, they are bundled into the five cents per share charge in a non- transparent

1 of 6

manner. If MFS does not accept these ancillary goods or services through “soft dollars”, it will still
be required to pay five cents per share by the full-service broker.

In other words, it is almost impossible to obtain a price discount from a full-service
Wall Street firm for executing a large fund trade. However, that firm is willing to provide an in-kind
discount in the form of soft dollars that can be used to purchase various goods or services. This is
more than a technical pricing oddity. The key point is this: a price discount on the trade (for
example, from five cents to three cents per share) would go directly to the mutual fund and its
shareholders. In-kind services like market data services go directly to the fund management
company and only indirectly to the mutual fund and its shareholders.

MFS has already eliminated the use of “soft dollars” to promote sales of mutual fund
shares. Since January 1, 2004, MFS has been paying cash out of its own pocket to broker-
dealers to promote fund sales. While the SEC has proposed a rule to this effect, MFS has
switched from soft dollars to cash to promote fund sales regardless of whether and when the SEC
adopts its rule.

More dramatically, earlier this month MFS decided to stop using soft dollars to pay for
third-party research1 and market data. Again MFS will pay cash out of its own pocket for these
items. MFS estimates that this decision will cost the management company $10 to $15 million per
year. Yet MFS has agreed not to raise its advisory fees for its funds over the next five years.

Why is MFS willing to take the lead on getting off the addiction to soft dollars and moving to the healthy environment of price discounts? 
 
The simple answer is: MFS puts the fund shareholder first. We recognize the need to employ a full-service broker to execute a large block trade (e.g., 500,000 shares in Genzyme); we need their skills and capital to actively work the trade and take up a portion of the trade themselves if necessary. But we want to pay a price in the range of three cents per share for an agency-only trade, though we are willing to pay more for a trade requiring capital to be put at risk by the broker-dealer.

1 We are not stopping the use of “soft dollars” for proprietary research and other services. Only recently has the SEC issued a concept release on accounting for all the elements of a bundled commission. SEC Release IC-26313 (Dec. 19, 2003).

2 of 6
 
The broader answer is that MFS wants to lead the industry to lower and more transparent execution costs. To accomplish this objective, MFS will need support from other asset managers as well as the SEC. Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act provides a safe harbor for asset managers using “soft dollars” for research and brokerage services. Initially, the SEC interpreted this safe harbor narrowly--allowing payment in “soft dollars” only if a good or service or product were not readily available for cash. Several years later, however, the SEC broadened the safe harbor to include any “legitimate” purpose for soft dollars (SEC Exchange Act Release 23170, April 23, 1986). The SEC should move back to its initial narrow interpretation of 28(e) to reduce the reliance on the use of “soft dollars”.
 
II. Individualized Expense Reporting

MFS will issue an individualized quarterly statement, rather than a general listing of fund expenses in basis points, which will show each fund shareholder a reasonable estimate of his or her actual fund expenses in dollar terms. 
 
The MFS design for this individualized quarterly statement is cost effective as a result of one key assumption: that shareholders hold their funds for the whole prior quarter. This assumption is reasonable because over 90% of MFS shareholders fall into this category.
 
At present, the prospectus of every mutual fund contains an expense table listing the
various categories of fund expenses in basis points. The table might say, for instance:

Advisory Fee 53 bp

Transfer Agency Fee 10 bp

Other Fees 2 bp

12 b-1 Fee 25 bp

Total Expenses 90 bp

 
In addition, the prospectus of every fund includes a hypothetical example of a $10,000 investment in the fund to show the dollar amount of actual fund expenses paid by such a fund shareholder during the relevant period. The hypothetical example for the mutual fund with the expenses described above, for instance, would show $90 in total fund expenses over the last year.

Nevertheless, some critics have argued that mutual fund investors need customized
expense statements. By that, these critics mean the actual expenses paid by a shareholder in

 
3 of 6

several funds based on his or her precise holding period as well as the fund dividends during that
period. For example, we would have to compute the exact expenses of a shareholder who held
Fund A from January 15 until March 31 without reinvesting fund dividends; another shareholder
who held Fund B for the whole year and reinvested all fund dividends; and yet another
shareholder who held Fund C from February 1 until June 15 as well as from August 22 until
December 11 (during both periods, assuming no record date for fund dividends occurred).

This type of customized expense statement would, in my opinion, involve enormous
computer programming costs. The program would have to track the holdings of every fund
shareholder on a daily basis, take into account whether a fund dividend was reinvested or paid
out to the shareholder, and apply monthly basis point charges to fund balances reflecting monthly
appreciation or depreciation of fund assets. Of course, these large computer costs would
ultimately be passed on to fund shareholders.

At MFS, we will provide every fund shareholder with an estimate of his or her actual
expenses on their quarterly statements.
2 We can do this at an affordable cost by making one
reasonable assumption—that the fund holdings of the shareholder at the end of the quarter were
the same throughout the quarter. Although this is a simplifying assumption, it produces a good
estimate of actual fund expenses since most shareholders do not switch funds during a quarter.
Indeed, this assumption will often lead to a slightly higher estimate of individualized expenses
than the actual amount because some shareholders will buy the fund during the quarter and other
shareholders will reinvest fund dividends during the quarter.

In addition, MFS will send its shareholders in every fund’s semi-annual report the
total amount of brokerage commissions paid by the fund during the relevant period as well as the
fund’s average commission rate per share (for example, 4.83 cents per share on average). But
this information on brokerage commissions should be separated from the fund expense table
because all the other items in the table are ordinary expenses expressed in basis points. By
contrast, brokerage commissions are a capital expense added to the tax basis of the securities
held by the fund, and brokerage commissions are expressed in cents per share.

2 These individualized expenses will not include brokerage costs because they are capitalized in the cost of the portfolio
security.

4 of 6

II. Enhanced Governance Structure

The mutual fund industry has a unique governance structure: the fund is a separate entity from its external manager. The independent directors of the fund must annually approve the
terms and conditions of the fund’s contract with its external manager. Of course, the independent directors usually reappoint the management company. In an industrial company, how often do the directors throw out the whole management team? But the independent directors of most mutual funds, in my experience, do represent fund shareholders by negotiating for contract terms and  monitoring potential conflicts of interest.

 
At MFS, we believe we have the most advanced form of corporate governance in the
industry. To begin with, over 75% of the board is comprised of independent directors, who elect their own independent chairman. The chairman leads the executive sessions of independent directors, which occur before or after every board meeting. The independent chairman also helps set the board’s agenda for each meeting. A lead independent director could definitely take charge of the executive sessions and a lead director could also help set the board’s agenda. Thus, it
does not matter which title is employed; the key is to insure that a senior independent director
plays these two functions.

In many boards, the independent directors have their own independent counsel, as
the MFS boards do. But the independent directors of the MFS funds are going one step further by
appointing their own compliance officer. This officer will monitor all compliance activities by MFS
as well as supervise the fund’s own activities, and will report regularly to the Compliance
Committee of the Board (which itself is composed solely of independent directors).

On the management company side, MFS is the only company I know of that has a
non-executive chairman reporting to the independent directors of the MFS funds. This is a new
position designed to assure that the management company is fully accountable to the funds’
independent directors.

Finally, MFS as a management company has established the new position of Executive Vice President for Regulatory Affairs, and filled the position with a distinguished industry veteran. In addition, MFS has hired a distinguished law firm partner as its new general

5 of 6
 
counsel. Both will serve on the executive committee of MFS. The new Executive Vice President will be in charge of several regulatory functions—compliance, internal audit and fund treasury.

This high profile position within MFS is more than symbolic; it represents the great significance
given by MFS to these regulatory functions. While these functions are performed in most fund
management companies, it is rare to see the person in charge of these functions having the title of executive vice president and serving on the executive committee of the firm.

Conclusions

In summary, MFS is trying to establish standards of best practices in three important
areas to fund shareholders: 
 
1) reduced reliance on “soft dollars”, 
 
2) individualized expense reporting, and 
 
3) enhanced governance structure. Other management firms are trying to take the lead in setting industry standards in other areas. At the same time, the SEC is in the process of
proposing and adopting a myriad of rules on disclosure requirements and substantive prohibitions or the fund industry—which overlap to a degree with the efforts of the fund management firms.

Because the SEC and the management firms are making such serious efforts to develop
higher behavioral norms for the mutual fund industry, it might be useful for Congress to monitor these efforts before finalizing a bill on mutual fund reforms. These are complex issues that may be better suited to an evolutionary process, led by an expert public agency with the flexibility to address the changing legal and factual environment.
 
Thank you again for this opportunity to testify on mutual fund reform. I would be pleased
to answer any questions the Chairman or Committee Members might have. 

 
6 of 6
 
 
 
 
 
 

Robert C. Pozen


  • Former president of Fidelity Investments and executive chairman of MFS Investment Management
  • Expert who has made hundreds of appearances to companies, television audiences and leaders around the world
  • Writer for the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, the Financial Times, the Harvard Business Review, and more around the globe

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Kevin Muhlendorf

Kevin Muhlendorf became the SEC's Inspector General in July 2025. For the previous nine years, he was a partner in the white-collar defense and government investigations practice at Wiley Rein LLP in Washington D.C., where he focused on representing individuals and entities in criminal and civil securities enforcement matters.

In private practice, Mr. Muhlendorf regularly conducted sensitive internal investigations and provided compliance counseling for clients. While on secondment from Wiley Rein for portions of 2023 and 2024, Mr. Muhlendorf served as Acting Inspector General for the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA), where he led approximately three dozen auditors and special agents conducting investigations and issuing financial and performance audits. He also designed and implemented a whistleblower award pilot program.

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Mr. Muhlendorf’s previous law enforcement experience includes six years as a Trial Attorney and Assistant Chief in the Securities and Financial Fraud Unit of the U.S. Department of Justice’s Criminal Division, Fraud Section, where he investigated and tried complex fraud cases in jurisdictions across the country. Mr. Muhlendorf was a Senior Counsel in the SEC Enforcement Division from 2004 to 2010.

Mr. Muhlendorf began his legal career as a litigation associate at Steptoe & Johnson LLP after serving as a federal judicial law clerk to Judge John M. Facciola in Washington D.C. He earned his BA in history from the University of Virginia and his law degree from William & Mary Law School.

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Danae Serrano

Danae Serrano was named the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s Ethics Counsel in March 2019. She previously served as Acting Ethics Counsel since December 2018.

Ms. Serrano joined the SEC in 2010 as an Assistant Ethics Counsel, and has served as the Deputy Ethics Counsel and Alternate Designated Agency Ethics Official since 2013. Ms. Serrano also served as the Agency’s Acting Chief Compliance Officer until August 2018.

Before joining the SEC, Ms. Serrano served as an attorney in the General Counsel’s Office of the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC), where she advised on government ethics and administrative law matters. Prior to PBGC, Ms. Serrano served as an attorney and ethics official in the United States Air Force, Office of the General Counsel.

Ms. Serrano received her law degree from the University of Connecticut School of Law, where she was an Executive Editor of the Connecticut Insurance Law Journal. She received her B.A. in History from Yale University.

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Ombuds

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The SEC Ombuds is an independent, neutral office created to assist retail investors and other members of the public in resolving concerns, questions, and complaints about the SEC, self-regulatory organizations (SROs) such as FINRA and the exchanges such as the NYSE that are subject to SEC oversight.

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---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, Nov 4, 2025 at 2:03 PM
Subject: Anybody notice Mark Carney and David Eby at the top of this old email?
To: <peter.mackay@mcinnescooper.com>, <rchedore@mosherchedore.ca>, <cei@nbnet.nb.ca>, Richard.Bragdon <richard.bragdon@parl.gc.ca>, news <news@chco.tv>, news957 <news957@rogers.com>, news-tips <news-tips@nytimes.com>, <paulpalango@eastlink.ca>, rfife <rfife@globeandmail.com>, jan.jensen <jan.jensen@justice.gc.ca>, <john.nater@parl.gc.ca>, John.Williamson <john.williamson@parl.gc.ca>, <roman.baber@parl.gc.ca>, melissa.lantsman <melissa.lantsman@parl.gc.ca>, <adam@adamrodgers.ca>, Jenny.Kwan <jenny.kwan@parl.gc.ca>, Gord.Johns <gord.johns@parl.gc.ca>, Heather.McPherson <heather.mcpherson@parl.gc.ca>, dan.albas <dan.albas@parl.gc.ca>, Bob.Zimmer <bob.zimmer@parl.gc.ca>, <todd.doherty@parl.gc.ca>, <frank.caputo@parl.gc.ca>, <mark.strahl@parl.gc.ca>, <sukhman.gill@parl.gc.ca>
Cc: pierre.poilievre <pierre.poilievre@parl.gc.ca>, francis.scarpaleggia <francis.scarpaleggia@parl.gc.ca>, Yves-Francois.Blanchet <Yves-Francois.Blanchet@parl.gc.ca>, <news@radioabl.ca>, <david.myles@parl.gc.ca>, Michael.Duheme <Michael.Duheme@rcmp-grc.gc.ca>, <mia.urquhart@cbc.ca>, Robert. Jones <Robert.Jones@cbc.ca>, <hjohnson@townofriverview.ca>, <jcoughlan@townofriverview.ca>, <wbennett@townofriverview.ca>, <jthorne@townofriverview.ca>, warren.mcbeath <warren.mcbeath@rcmp-grc.gc.ca>, Mark.Blakely <Mark.Blakely@rcmp-grc.gc.ca>, mcu <mcu@justice.gc.ca>, rob.moore <rob.moore@parl.gc.ca>, Sean.Fraser <Sean.Fraser@parl.gc.ca>, <Aaron.Kennedy@gnb.ca>, <aaron.gunn@parl.gc.ca>, Susan.Holt <Susan.Holt@gnb.ca>, robert.mckee <robert.mckee@gnb.ca>, robert.gauvin <robert.gauvin@gnb.ca>, Ginette.PetitpasTaylor <Ginette.PetitpasTaylor@parl.gc.ca>, David.Coon <David.Coon@gnb.ca>, kris.austin <kris.austin@gnb.ca>, davidmylesforfredericton@gmail.com <DavidMylesForFredericton@gmail.com>, <mike.dawson@parl.gc.ca>, <david.mcguinty@parl.gc.ca>, <ps.ministerofpublicsafety-ministredelasecuritepublique.sp@ps-sp.gc.ca>, Wayne.Long <Wayne.Long@parl.gc.ca>, fin.minfinance-financemin.fin <fin.minfinance-financemin.fin@canada.ca>, dominic.leblanc <dominic.leblanc@parl.gc.ca>, don.davies <don.davies@parl.gc.ca>, Frank.McKenna <Frank.McKenna@td.com>, <francois-philippe.champagne@parl.gc.ca>, <melanie.joly@ised-isde.gc.ca>, pm <pm@pm.gc.ca>, Steven.MacKinnon <Steven.MacKinnon@parl.gc.ca>, <Patrick.Fitzgerald@skadden.com>, washington field <washington.field@ic.fbi.gov>, mdcohen212 <mdcohen212@gmail.com>, premier <premier@ontario.ca>, premier <premier@gov.yk.ca>, Office of the Premier <scott.moe@gov.sk.ca>, premier <premier@gov.pe.ca>, premier <premier@gov.nl.ca>, premier <premier@gov.ab.ca>, prontoman1 <prontoman1@protonmail.com>, ragingdissident <ragingdissident@protonmail.com>, <jasonlavigne@outlook.com>


---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 24 Mar 2009 17:43:47 -0300
Subject: Hey you in the BCC line its "Just Dave" and we just talked
please share these emails with anyone and everyone you wish

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 16 Mar 2009 19:13:32 -0300
Subject: Lets see Mark Carney and Warren Buffet deny knowing about my
concerns now EH Jimmy Flaherty?
To: MCarney <MCarney@bankofcanada.ca>, MCarney
<Casey.B@parl.gc.ca>, "andrew.krystal"

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Jeremy Harrison <Jharrison@bank-banque-canada.ca>
Date: Mon, 16 Mar 2009 17:54:45 -0400
Subject: Out of Office AutoReply: Small wonder the Wall Street Jounal
now blocks my comments EH Petey Baby Stoffer and Tommy boy Young

I am currently away from the office. Je ne suis pas disponible.

If the matter is urgent, please contact Dale Alexander at 782-8782. Si
c'est urgent, veuillez composer 782-8782.
====================================================================================

La version française suit le texte anglais.

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---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2009 18:38:41 -0300
Subject: Hey Wayne Carlin read Dan Mangan's and the New York Post's
bullshit  about Bernie Madoff, high finance and your corrupt Fed pals.
aih <aih@cbc.ca>, news <news@kingscorecord.com>, "mcknight. gisele"


Too Too Funny EH?



NEW YORK POST
(212) 930-8000

It appears that the far from funny reporter who know nothing of
ethical journalism doesn't know I know who owns him.


It certainly appears to me that his lawyer  Arthur M. Siskind hasn't
the savy to even read his master's law blog so why should i be
surprised at how dumb Rupert's reporter's are EH?



5:23 pm June 13, 2008
David Raymond Amos wrote:
After you check my work perhaps you should mention my name as you ask
your Senators such as McCain and Obama who wanna be President why the
trancripts etc of these hearings have dissappeared. from the public
record. EH?



For the record this nasty puppy of rupert's was in his office when i
sent this email and others. Hell I talked to him before I sent him the
emails I promised and all he succeeded in doing was pissing me off. He
knows I am am a for real dude.

Veritas Vincit
David Raymond Amos

Do these dudes smell foul play tommorrow. I certainly do. Its kinda
funny these lawyers won't talk to me EH?


From: "Dan.Mangan" <Dan.Mangan@nypost.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2009 16:00:33 -0400
Subject: Out of Office AutoReply: We just talked Mr. Litt the instant
you bullshitted me I knew the score between you, the FBI and I
CORRECT?

Hello --

If you are a real person rather than  a spam email generator, please
re-send your original message to: dmangan@nypost.com

Instead of to this address, which I rarely if ever check.

Thanks -- Dan Mangan, Reporter, New York Post


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This message and its attachments may contain legally privileged
and/or confidential information.  If you are not the intended
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---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2009 17:00:17 -0300
Subject: Fwd: We just talked Mr. Litt the instant you bullshitted me I
knew  the score between you, the FBI and I CORRECT?
Cc: "David. Glockner" <David.Glockner@usdoj.gov>, "criminal. division"
<criminal.division@usdoj.gov>, "Aurele. Daigle"

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2009 15:54:28 -0300
Subject: We just talked Mr. Litt the instant you bullshitted me I knew
the  score between you, the FBI and I CORRECT?

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2009 15:38:08 -0300
Subject: Fwd: Perhaps somebody will call me back now EH Ms. Clark? 506 756
8687

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 9 Mar 2009 17:34:50 -0300
Subject: Perhaps somebody will call me back now EH Ms. Clark? 506 756 8687

I just talked to the man in the Banker's Umbudsman's office who has
had my file since 2005. Lets just say that I was greatly offended.



Nathalie Clark
General Counsel and
Corporate Secretary
Tel: (416) 362-6093, ext. 214

As I am trying to contact the Pugwash people once again  I cross paths
with more nasty Yankees trying hard to play dumb?

Need I say that Non Profit corps such as this offend me greatly?


Veritas Vincit
David Raymond Amos

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 6 Mar 2009 13:57:48 -0400
Subject: Trust that whatever covert deal that Bernie Madoff and KPMG
etc may  make with the Feds they are not fooling mean old me
Cc: oig <oig@sec.gov>


---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: "Sartory, Thomas J." <TSartory@goulstonstorrs.com>
Date: Fri, 6 Mar 2009 07:41:20 -0500
Subject: RE: I did talk the lawyers Golub and Flumenbaum tried to
discuss Bernie Madoff and KPMG etc before sending these emails


Dear Mr. Amos,

I am General Counsel at Goulston & Storrs.  Your email below to
Messers. Rosensweig and Reisch has been forwarded to me for response.
While it's not clear what type of assistance, if any, you seek from
Goulston % Storrs, please be advised that we are not in a  position to
help you.  Please do not send further communications to any of our
attorneys.  We will not be able to respond, and your communications
will not be protected by the attorney-client privilege.

We wish you well in the pursuit of your concerns.

Sincerely,

Thomas J. Sartory




-----Original Message-----
From: David Amos [mailto:
Sent: Wednesday, March 04, 2009 8:18 PM
To: Rosensweig, Richard J.; info@LAtaxlawyers.com; Reisch, Alan M.;
Subject: Fwd: I did talk the lawyers Golub and Flumenbaum tried to
discuss Bernie Madoff and KPMG etc before sending these emails

Perhaps somebody should call me back now. EH? (506 756 8687)


Richard J. Rosensweig
(617) 574-3588

Just Dave
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---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2009 16:25:27 -0400
Subject: I did talk the lawyers Golub and Flumenbaum tried to discuss
Bernie  Madoff and KPMG etc before sending these emails

It appears to me that everybody knows everything and yet ignore mean old me
eh?

Perhaps everybody should Conrad Black's name and mine sometime EH?

"In a highly publicized trial in Delaware, Mr. Flumenbaum recently won
a battle for corporate control involving Hollinger International, as
well as a $30 million verdict against Conrad Black."














Flumenbaum claimed he never heard of me but welcomed my emails all the
same. Whem I asked Golub if he recalled how we had crossed paths
before he did not deny it but just could not recall tis all. Golub
told me he wanted to talk to his clients and get my emails from the
local cops instead of me. I understood in a hearbest that he just
wished to play dumb again. So I added a llittle more to this email and
clearly did as I promised.

Whereas you people won't speak honestly to me perhaps you should ask
the RCMP and and the FBI and the SEC etc what they know about my
affairs EH Yankees? I will try to talk to some of your clients now.
they are an interesting well mixed crowd to say the least and it
appaears that they are all justifiably pissed off at the Feds just
like I have been for many years.

Veritas Vincit
David Raymond Amos

Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2008 06:12:26 -0800 (PST)
From: David Amos
Subject: I waited nearly two weeks for your lawyer to call me Paulette
now I will email and post this as i promised


I understood your hints about KPMG and the ex RCMP dudes It was kinda
a nobrainer to me after you selected that one email to respond too
after all that I had sent but why should I help you people with your
pensions while you people work hard to falsely imprison me once again?
This contains a true verison of he email I sent you over a month ago
about the crooked KPMG crowd
You complain of the RCMP treatment of you and your family yet you take
a new job trying to recruit new people for the RCMP to abuse. what
gives with that? I thought you were more honest and professional than
that. What do you tell the kids about your concerns with the the lack
of integrity of the RCMP as you suggest that they join the force?

Norman Inkster
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
BA (hons.), Commander of the C.St.J., LL.D. (born August 19, 1938)
served as 18th Commissioner of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, from
September 1, 1987 to June 24, 1994. From 1992 until 1994 he also
served as President of Interpol. Born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, he was
educated at the University of New Brunswick, where he studied
sociology and psychology; during his studies he was continuously
employed in the Human Resources department of the RCMP.From 1994 to
2003 he was a partner with KPMG in Toronto, the latter part of which
he was global managing partner of the forensic practice. In 1995 he
was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. In 2003 he retired from
KPMG and started Inkster Group. He was the President of the Inkster
Group, which provides various security and policing services to a list
of international clients, including the Province of Ontario. In 2006
Inkster Group was acquired by Navigant Consulting where Inkster is now
a managing director.

David Amos  wrote:
Date: Sun, 27 Jan 2008 10:57:48 -0800 (PST)
From: David Amos
Subject: What kind of Bullshit Response is that Paulette
To: Paulette Delaney-Smith <Paulette.Delaney-Smith@rcmp-grc.gc.ca>

We also talked at least twice recently because your fellow cops
directed me to you instead of the dudes I wanted to speak to. You told
me that you gave my material to Kevin Jackson and commented that you
had not received any emails from me lately ( you never respnded to the
ones I sent in the past anyway) and I told you that they had been
blocked by your pals and I suggested that you talk to your incompetent
lawyer Gilmour. Remember lady? Anyway I was so pissed off by your pals
stalking me and putting the proof of their malice in Youtube that i
sent you some emails from my son's email address (your cop pals killed
my other email accounts) just to see if they would get through.
Surprise surprise some did and some did not. However Iknew that you
got yours Methinks there is some defections in your ranks. Perhaps you
and your fellow whisleblowers who cry alot in the Media should pick up
the phone and make a deal with a honest whistleblower and then tell
the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth for the benefit
of all Canadians EH? Everybody and his dog knows that the RCMP are as
crooked as hell and they only care about the RCMP and their pensions
not the interests of the people they were hired to serve and protect.
  Vertias Vincit      David Raymond Amos P.S. I will keep this email
in confidence for one day then email it to politicians and the media
and then post it on the web. Quit playing games and call me will ya?
they may be a very importenat election in the near future  and our
affairs may become of interest to some smiling bastards loooking to
get relected.  Obviously nobody can deny that you and I did not cross
paths before the 39th Parliament sat on April 4th, 2006 and you
refused to act within the scope of your employment for some strange
reason and shortly thereafter your former lawyer Richard Bell whom I
had crossed paths with in 2004 became the first  judge Stevey boy
Harper appointed Surprise Surprise N'est Pas?  506 434 1379 Please use
it tomorrow before I file my first complaints in Federal Court.
Paulette Delaney-Smith <Paulette.Delaney-Smith@rcmp-grc.gc.ca> wrote:
David,

I received your voice mail, I have been transferred to another unit
and I am unaware of who is dealing with your complaints at this time.

Paulette Delaney-Smith, Cpl.
RCMPolice "J" DIvision HQ

>>> David Amos 01/03/08 12:49 AM >>>
Date: Wed, 2 Jan 2008 20:49:27 -0800 (PST)
From: David Amos
Subject: Fwd: Response to your emails
CC: Date: Wed, 2 Jan 2008 20:49:27 -0800 (PST)
From: David Amos <myson333@yahoo.com>
Subject: Fwd: Response to your emails

Whereas you RCMP people refused to act within the scope of your
employment and investigate major crimes Tis time for me to sue many
bankers too N'est Pas Ms. Paulette Delaney-Smith and your old buddy
Louie Lefebvre?

US-KPMG FW Ombudsman Office <us-ogcombudsman848@kpmg.com> wrote:
Whereas you RCMP people refused to act within the scope of your
employment and investigate major crimes Tis time for me to sue many
bankers too N'est Pas Ms. Paulette Delaney-Smith and your old buddy
Louie Lefebvre?

US-KPMG FW Ombudsman Office us-ogcombudsman848@kpmg.com wrote:

Subject: Response to your emails
Date: Tue, 13 Nov 2007 10:16:12 -0500
From: "US-KPMG FW Ombudsman Office"
To: ,


Dear Mr. Amos,

Thank you for contacting us. We have reviewed the information that you
provided in your emails, and are not able to determine what specific
issues you are raising that we should consider investigating. Thus, in
order to conduct an investigation, we need to gather more specific
information. Would you be willing to have a confidential conversation
with me, the Ombudsman here at KPMG LLP (US) or would you be willing
to provide me with a summary of your allegations as they relate to
KPMG LLP or its clients and any evidence to support those allegations?
Thank you for your continued assistance with this matter.

Thanks,

Michael Plansky
Ombudsman



***********************************************************************
The information in this email is confidential and may be legally
privileged. It is intended solely for the addressee. Access to this
email by anyone else is unauthorized. If you are not the intended
recipient, any disclosure, copying, distribution or any action taken
or omitted to be taken in reliance on it, is prohibited and may be
unlawful. When addressed to our clients any opinions or advice
contained in this email are subject to the terms and conditions
expressed in the governing KPMG client engagement letter.
***********************************************************************





David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>Mon, Feb 9, 2026 at 3:41 PM
To: chairman@sec.gov, washington.field@ic.fbi.gov, melanie.joly@ised-isde.gc.ca, fin.minfinance-financemin.fin@canada.ca, Wayne.Long@parl.gc.ca, Susan.Holt@gnb.ca, mcu@justice.gc.ca, Sean.Fraser@parl.gc.ca, Mark.Blakely@rcmp-grc.gc.ca, warren.mcbeath@rcmp-grc.gc.ca, tonymcquail@gmail.com, news@sec.gov, don.davies@parl.gc.ca, premier@ontario.ca, Michael.Duheme@rcmp-grc.gc.ca, Yves-Francois.Blanchet@parl.gc.ca, dan.albas@parl.gc.ca, bobpozen@mit.edu
Cc: mdcohen212@gmail.com, CommissionerPeirce@sec.gov, CommissionerUyeda@sec.gov, boston@sec.gov, newyork@sec.gov, chicago@sec.gov
Bcc: myson333@yahoo.com

---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: Minister of Finance / Ministre des Finances <minister-ministre@fin.gc.ca>
Date: Tue, Dec 16, 2025 at 6:44 PM
Subject: Automatic reply: YO Christopher Perry here is some of what you did not wish to know
To: David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>

The Department of Finance Canada acknowledges receipt of your electronic correspondence.
Please be assured that we appreciate receiving your comments.

Le ministère des Finances Canada accuse réception de votre courriel.
Nous vous assurons que vos commentaires sont les bienvenus.


---------- Original message ---------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, Dec 16, 2025 at 6:43 PM
Subject: YO Christopher Perry here is some of what you did not wish to know
To: <cdp7@ntrs.com>, Ted McEnroe <Ted.McEnroe@tbf.org>
Cc: fin.minfinance-financemin.fin <fin.minfinance-financemin.fin@canada.ca>



Christopher Perry
Northern Trust
One International Place
Suite 1600
Boston MA 02110
617-235-1835


Sunday, 6 July 2025

Where did all the hearings go???

 

MFS Investment Mangement

Since 1924, MFS Investment Management 1 has guided investors in the United States through every market condition on record. Today, our exclusive lineup of Sun Life MFS funds brings Canadian investors the power of their deep-rooted expertise and three driving pillars of investment success. 

Media Relations Contacts

For press inquires, please contact:
Dan Flaherty (Americas), 617-954-4256, DFlaherty@mfs.com
Cherida Naughton (Europe and Asia), 44-207-429-7426, CNaughton@mfs.com
Kasia Gilewska (Europe), 44-207-429-7356, KGilewska@mfs.com

Financial Information

MFS is a majority-owned subsidiary of Sun Life Financial (SLF), based in Toronto. 
Further information can be found under Investor Relations at www.sunlife.com.

Investment Strategists, Portfolio Managers and Analysts

Robert Almeida, Global Investment Strategist
Erik Weisman, Chief Economist
Benoit Anne, Investment Solutions Group
Others generally available to comment on investment topics and retirement trends.

Mike W. Roberge

Mike W. Robergehttps://www.mfs.com/content/dam/mfs-enterprise/mfscom/images/people/000000000-premium-portrait-refresh/michael-roberge-433x528.jpg                                                                                Michael W. Roberge, CFA, is chair of MFS Investment Management® (MFS®). He helps set the strategic direction of the firm. He is the chair of the Chairman's Committee, chair of the MFS Board of Directors, and a trustee on the MFS mutual funds board. Michael became chair in 2025 after leading the firm as CEO from 2017 to 2024. In addition, he held the role of chief investment officer from 2010 through 2018. He also previously held the roles of president of MFS from 2010 through 2017 and co-CEO from 2015 through 2016. In 2006, he was appointed chief investment officer -- US Investments and co-director of Global Research. Before that, he was senior vice president and associate director of Fixed Income Research and served as portfolio manager for several MFS fixed income funds. He joined the firm in 1996 as a credit analyst in the municipal fixed income group. Before joining MFS, he was a municipal credit analyst and portfolio manager for the Colonial Group from 1995 to 1996 and a credit analyst with Moody's Investors Service from 1991 to 1994. Michael earned a Bachelor of Science degree from Bemidji State (Minn.) University in 1990 and a Master of Business Administration degree from Hofstra University in 1992. He is a Chartered Financial Analyst and a member of the CFA Society Boston. He is also the vice chair of the board of Horizons for Homeless Children, a Boston-based nonprofit organization dedicated to combatting the negative impact of homelessness on children and families.


https://www.mfs.com/content/dam/mfs-enterprise/mfscom/images/people/000000000-premium-portrait-refresh/heidi-hardin-433x528.jpg
Heidi W. Hardin is executive vice president and general counsel at MFS Investment Management® (MFS®). She leads the Legal, Compliance and Enterprise Risk Management departments and is a member of the firm's Enterprise Leadership Team and the Chairman's Committee. Heidi joined MFS in 2017 from Harris Associates, where she had been the general counsel since 2015. She spent the prior 16 years at Janus Capital Group Inc., holding multiple senior legal roles, with her last role being senior vice president and general counsel of Janus Capital Management LLC, the firm's global asset management business. Earlier in her career she was a vice president, senior legal counsel and chief compliance officer for Liberty Funds Group and a litigation associate at Beeler Schad & Diamond P.C. She began her career in the financial services industry in 1993. Heidi earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from DePauw University and a Juris Doctor degree from Chicago- Kent College of Law. She is a member of the board of directors of ICI Mutual Insurance Company and the Advisory Board of The Boston Ballet. 
 
Address BOSTON
Phone 1-800-637-8255
 
Angela Fader
Sr Assist Analyst at MFS Investment Management
Greater Phoenix Area
 602 322 8045
 
 https://www.blbglaw.com/cases-investigations/mfs-mutual-fund-litigation

MFS Mutual Fund Fraud Litigation

Court: United States District Court for the District of Maryland
Case Number: 04-md-15863
Class Period: 12/15/1998 - 12/08/2003

Following a hearing on May 3, 2004 in the massive mutual fund litigation, the United States District Court for the District of Maryland appointed BLB&G client the City of Chicago Deferred Compensation Plan as Lead Plaintiff in the securities fraud class action against Massachusetts Financial Services Company ("MFS"), the investment advisor to the MFS Funds, and others.

On March 1, 2006, the Court sustained the Consolidated Amended Class Action Complaint, allowing the case to move forward against certain defendants.

SUMMARY OF ALLEGATIONS:

The Complaint in this litigation alleges that MFS and certain of its senior executives were aware of, engaged in and facilitated "timing" trades in the MFS Funds: a money-making act involving short-term trading in and out of a mutual fund.  The technique is designed to exploit inefficiencies in the way mutual fund companies price their shares by allowing certain customers to trade shares at distorted prices that no longer reflect the true value of the fund.  As a result, those few customers permitted to engage in market timing typically reap huge profits, the cost of which are borne primarily by the long-term investors in the relevant fund.

The public filings issued by the Defendants stated that, "MFS funds do not permit market-timing or other excessive trading practices that may disrupt portfolio management strategies and may harm fund performance."  In reality, however, the Defendants knew, or recklessly disregarded, the fact that trades were being timed and that these timed trades negatively and materially impacted the MFS Funds, thereby causing significant losses to investors in the MFS Funds.

On February 5, 2004, MFS agreed to entry of a cease and desist order by the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") against MFS and John W. Ballen ("Ballen"), MFS's current chief executive officer, and Kevin R. Parke ("Parke"), MFS's current president and chief investment officer ("Cease and Desist Order").  Specifically, the SEC found that MFS, Ballen and Parke allowed widespread market timing trading in certain MFS Funds from at least late 1999 through October 2003, in contravention of the Funds' public disclosures.  In particular, MFS explicitly informed certain select brokers in a written memo that "unrestricted" trading would be permitted in certain MFS funds (known internally at MFS as "Unrestricted Funds"), including the Massachusetts Investors Growth Stock Fund, "even if a pattern of excessive trading has been detected."  Not only did MFS selectively enforce its market-timing policies, but executives at MFS facilitated the frequent trading in and out of certain MFS Funds by steering select investors to these "Unrestricted Funds."  As the Cease and Desist Order confirms, as much as $2 billion in timing money flowed into MFS Funds during the Class Period.

Internal MFS documents and policies acknowledged that market timing was detrimental to long-term shareholders.  In fact, as early as June 2000, an internal presentation entitled "Market Timing Wheel of Terror," warned that "[l]ong term investors are being penalized" by market timing activity.  Nevertheless, the market timing activity persisted in the MFS "Unrestricted Funds."  Moreover, MFS's select enforcement of its trading policies also included late trading, which alone caused well over $100 million in investor losses.  And, as further alleged in the complaint, various brokers and financial institutions also participated in the market timing schemes, to the detriment of ordinary investors.

MFS's policy of allowing market-timing and steering select investors to the "Unrestricted Funds" was adopted as a means to increase profits by luring market timing assets so as to increase funds under management, and, therefore, increase fees paid to MFS for investment advisory services.  These additional assets under management also resulted in an increased bonus pool from which MFS employees, including Ballen and Parke, were paid excessive compensation.  During this period, none of the above detailed material information was disclosed to the members of the Class.  In addition to the profits from their market timing, MFS also profited by charging ordinary investors hundreds of millions of dollars in management fees while breaching their fiduciary duties to those very same investors.

On May 20, 2010, the Court preliminarily approved proposed settlements, totaling $75,042,250, that would resolve this litigation. On October 25, 2010, the Court entered Judgments granting final approval to the settlements and entered separate Orders granting Plaintiffs' Counsel's application for an award of attorneys' fees and expenses and approving the Plan of Allocation of the settlement proceeds. 

The claims administration process has concluded and the net settlement fund has been fully disbursed. This matter is considered closed.

 
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF MARYLAND
IN RE MUTUAL FUNDS INVESTMENT
LITIGATION
This Document Relates To:
In re MFS
04-md-15863-04
MDL 1586
Case No. 04-MD-15863
(Judge J. Frederick Motz)
BRUCE RIGGS, et al., Individually and
On Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated,
Plaintiff,
v.
MASSACHUSETTS FINANCIAL
SERVICES COMPANY, et al.
Defendants.
Case No. 04-cv-01162-JFM

CONSOLIDATED AMENDED CLASS ACTION COMPLAINT
 
 
 95
Dated: September 29, 2004 BERNSTEIN LITOWITZ BERGER
& GROSSMANN LLP
/s/
ALAN SCHULMAN
ROBERT S. GANS
TIMOTHY A. DeLANGE
JERALD D. BIEN-WILLNER
12544 High Bluff Drive, Suite 150
San Diego, CA 92130
Tel: (858) 793-0070
Fax: (858) 793-0323
-and-
J. ERIK SANDSTEDT
JOSEPH A. FONTI
1285 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10019
Tel: (212) 554-1400
Fax: (212) 554-1444
Lead Counsel
Dated: September 29, 2004 TYDINGS & ROSENBERG LLP
/s/
WILLIAM C. SAMMONS, Fed Bar No. 02366
JOHN B. ISBISTER, Fed Bar No. 00639
100 East Pratt Street, 26th Floor
Baltimore, MD 21202
Tel: (410) 752-9700
Fax: (410) 727-5460
Liaison Counsel
 
 


---------- Original message ---------
From: Minister of Finance / Ministre des Finances <minister-ministre@fin.gc.ca>
Date: Mon, Jul 7, 2025 at 1:56 PM
Subject: Automatic reply: 617 954 4225 RE Robert Pozen Former executive chairman of MFS Investment Management
To: David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>

The Department of Finance acknowledges receipt of your electronic correspondence. Please be assured that we appreciate receiving your comments.Le ministère des Finances Canada accuse réception de votre courriel. Nous vous assurons que vos commentaires sont les bienvenus. 
 


---------- Original message ---------
From: Fraser, Sean - M.P. <Sean.Fraser@parl.gc.ca>
Date: Mon, Jul 7, 2025 at 1:57 PM
Subject: Automatic reply: 617 954 4225 RE Robert Pozen Former executive chairman of MFS Investment Management
To: David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>


Thank you for your contacting the constituency office of Sean Fraser, Member of Parliament for Central Nova.


This is an automated reply.


Please note that all correspondence is read, however due to the high volume of emails we receive on a daily basis there may be a delay in getting back to you. Priority will be given to residents of Central Nova.


To ensure we get back to you in a timely manner, please include your full name, home address including postal code and phone number when reaching out.

Thank you.

-------------

Merci d'avoir contacté le bureau de circonscription de Sean Fraser, député de Central Nova. Il s'agit d'une réponse automatisée.

 

Veuillez noter que toute la correspondance est lue, mais qu'en raison du volume élevé de courriels que nous recevons quotidiennement, il se peut que nous ne puissions pas vous répondre dans les meilleurs délais.

 

Pour que nous puissions vous répondre dans les meilleurs délais, veuillez indiquer votre nom complet, votre adresse personnelle, y compris le code postal, et votre numéro de téléphone lorsque vous nous contactez.

 

Nous vous remercions.

Facebook : facebook.com/SeanFraserMP

Twitter : @SeanFraserMP

Instagram : SeanFraserMP

www.seanfrasermp.ca

Sans frais : 1-844-641-5886

 

 
 
---------- Original message ---------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, Jul 7, 2025 at 1:53 PM
Subject: Fwd: 617 954 4225 RE Robert Pozen Former executive chairman of MFS Investment Management
To: <bobpozen@mit.edu>, fin.minfinance-financemin.fin <fin.minfinance-financemin.fin@canada.ca>, ministryofjustice <ministryofjustice@gov.ab.ca>, justmin <justmin@gov.ns.ca>, Mike.Comeau <Mike.Comeau@gnb.ca>, <CrownAdminOttawa@ontario.ca>, mcu <mcu@justice.gc.ca>, Sean.Fraser <Sean.Fraser@parl.gc.ca>, pm <pm@pm.gc.ca>




---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos333@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, Jul 7, 2025 at 1:49 PM
Subject: 617 954 4225 RE Robert Pozen Former executive chairman of MFS Investment Management
To: <Leadership@mfs.com>, <kimc714@mit.edu>
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry

Date:   Tuesday, November 18, 2003 Time:   10:00 AM

Topic

The Committee will meet in OPEN SESSION to conduct the first in a series of hearings on the “Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry.”

Witnesses

Witness Panel 1

  1. Mr. William H. Donaldson
    Chairman
    Securities and Exchange Commission

Witness Panel 2

  1. Mr. Matthew P. Fink
    President
    Investment Company Institute
  2. Mr. Marc Lackritz
    President
    Securities Industry Association
 



 

Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry

Date:   Thursday, November 20, 2003 Time:   02:00 PM

Topic

The Committee will meet in OPEN SESSION to conduct the second in a series of hearings on the “Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry.”

Witnesses

Witness Panel 1

  1. Mr. Stephen M. Cutler
    Director - Division of Enforcement
    Securities and Exchange Commission
  2. Mr. Robert Glauber
    Chairman and CEO
    National Association of Securities Dealers
  3. Eliot Spitzer
    Attorney General
    State of New York
 
 
 
 
 


Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: Understanding the Fund Industry from the Investor’s Perspective

Date:   Wednesday, February 25, 2004 Time:   10:00 AM

Topic

The Committee will meet in OPEN SESSION to conduct a hearing on “A Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: Understanding the Fund Industry from the Investor’s Perspective.”

Witnesses

Witness Panel 1

  1. Mr. Tim Berry
    Treasurer
    State of Indiana
  2. Honorable Gary Gensler
    Chairman
    U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission
  3. Mr. James K. Glassman
    Resident Fellow
    American Enterprise Institute
  4. Mr. Don Phillips
    Managing Director
    Morningstar, Inc
  5. Mr. Jim Riepe
    Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors
    T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.


 

Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: Fund Operations and Governance.

Date:   Thursday, February 26, 2004 Time:   02:00 PM

Topic

The Committee will meet in OPEN SESSION to conduct a hearing on “Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: Fund Operations and Governance.” Rescheduled from February 3rd.

Witnesses

Witness Panel 1

  1. Mr. Jack Bogle
    Founder
    The Vanguard Group
  2. Ms. Mellody Hobson
    President
    Ariel Capital Management
  3. Mr. David Pottruck
    President, Chief Executive Officer and a member of the Board of Directors
    Charles Schwab
  4. Mr. David Ruder
    Former Chairmen
    U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
 
 
 
 

Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: The Regulatory Landscape

Date:   Wednesday, March 10, 2004 Time:   10:00 AM

Topic

The Committee will meet in OPEN SESSION to conduct the sixth in a series of hearings on "A Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: The Regulatory Landscape."

Witnesses

Witness Panel 1

  1. Ms. Lori Richards
    Director, Office of Compliance, Inspections, and Examinations
    Securities and Exchange Commission
  2. Mr. Paul Roye
    Director, Division of Investment Management
    Securities and Exchange Commission
  3. Ms. Mary Schapiro
    Vice Chairman of NASD and President of NASD Regulatory Policy & Oversight
    National Association of Securities Dealers
  4. Honorable David M. Walker
    Comptroller General of the United States
 
 
 

Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: Fund Operations and Governance

Date:   Tuesday, March 23, 2004 Time:   10:00 AM

Topic

The Committee will meet in OPEN SESSION to conduct the sixth in a series of hearings on "A Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: Fund Operations and Governance."

Witnesses

Witness Panel 1

  1. Professor Mercer Bullard
    Associate Professor of Law
    University of Mississippi School of Law
  2. Mr. William D Lutz
    Professor of English
    Rutgers University
  3. Mr. Robert Pozen
    Non-Executive Chairman
    Massachusetts Financial Services Co.
  4. Ms. Barbara Roper
    Director of Investor Protection
    Consumer Federation of America
 
 
 

Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: Fund Costs and Distribution Practices

Date:   Wednesday, March 31, 2004 Time:   02:30 PM

Topic

The Committee will meet in OPEN SESSION to conduct the nineth in a series of hearings reviewing the current investigations and regulatory actions in the mutual fund industry.

Witnesses

Witness Panel 1

  1. Honorable Daniel K. Akaka (D-HI)
    United States Senator
  2. Honorable Susan Collins (R-ME)
    United States Senator
  3. Honorable Peter Fitzgerald (R-IL)
    United States Senator
  4. Honorable Carl Levin (D-MI)
    United States Senator

Witness Panel 2

  1. Mr. Paul G. Haaga, Jr.
    Executive Vice President and Director of Capitol Research and Management Company, and Chairman of the Investment Company Institute
  2. Mr. Chet Helck
    President and Chief Operating Officer
    Raymond James Financial
  3. Mr. Thomas Putnam
    Founder and CEO
    Fenimore Asset Management
  4. Mr. Edward Siedle
    Founder and President
    The Benchmark Companies
  5. Mr. Mark Treanor
    General Counsel and Head of Legal Department
    Wachovia Corporation
 
 
 
 

Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry: The SEC's Perspective

Date:   Thursday, April 8, 2004 Time:   10:00 AM

Topic

The Committee will meet in OPEN SESSION to conduct the tenth in a series of hearings regarding a "Review of Current Investigations and Regulatory Actions Regarding the Mutual Fund Industry". This hearing will focus on the views of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Witnesses

Witness Panel 1

  1. Mr. William H. Donaldson
    Chairman
    Securities and Exchange Commission
 
 
 
 
 
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U.S . GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON :
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800
Fax: (202) 512–2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–0001
97–186 PDF 2004
S. HRG . 108–711
REVIEW OF CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS
AND REGULATORY ACTIONS REGARDING
THE MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY
HEARINGS
BEFORE THE
COMMITTEE ON
BANKING, HOUSING, AND URBAN AFFAIRS
UNITED STATES SENATE
ONE HUNDRED EIGHTH CONGRESS
FIRST AND SECOND SESSION
ON
INVESTIGATIONS AND REGULATORY ACTIONS REGARDING THE
MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY AND INVESTORS’ PROTECTION
NOVEMBER 18, 20, 2003, FEBRUARY 25, 26, MARCH 2, 10, 23, 31, AND
APRIL 8, 2004
Printed for the use of the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs

(1)
REVIEW OF CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS
AND REGULATORY ACTIONS REGARDING
THE MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY
TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 2003
U.S. SENATE,
COMMITTEE ON BANKING, HOUSING, AND URBAN AFFAIRS,
Washington, DC.
The Committee met at 10 a.m. in room SD–538 of the Dirksen
Senate Office Building, Senator Richard C. Shelby (Chairman of
the Committee) presiding.
OPENING STATEMENT OF CHAIRMAN RICHARD C. SHELBY
Chairman SHELBY. The hearing shall come to order.
This hearing is part of the Committee’s ongoing oversight of the
mutual fund industry. Today, the Committee will review current
investigations and enforcement proceedings and examine regu-
latory actions taken to date in order to fully inform and guide the
Banking Committee’s consideration of possible legislative reform.
On September 30, 2003, this Committee first examined the scope
of problems confronting the mutual fund industry. At that time,
Chairman Donaldson testified about the SEC’s ongoing enforce-
ment actions and described the SEC’s regulatory blueprint for
adopting new regulations aimed at improving the transparency of
fund operations and stopping abusive trading practices. Since
Chairman Donaldson’s testimony, we have learned that improper
fund trading practices are a widespread problem that fund insiders,
brokers, and privileged clients have profited from at the expense of
average investors.
In early September, New York Attorney General Spitzer uncov-
ered arrangements through which brokers facilitated improper
trades for their clients in certain prominent mutual funds in ex-
change for large, fee generating investments. Since this initial set-
tlement, we have learned the extent to which both intermediaries,
such as brokers, and fund executives have engaged in illicit trading
activities. We have read about the backhanded ways by which the
brokers colluded with their customers to disguise improper trade
orders to make them appear legitimate, thus evading detection by
mutual fund policing systems.
Even in situations where mutual funds attempted to halt im-
proper trading activity, certain brokers created fictitious names
and account numbers to fool fund compliance officers and to con-
tinue trading. Recent investigations have also revealed that mutual
fund executives and portfolio managers have actively engaged in
2
improper trading activity. And these allegations are particularly
troubling because fund executives and portfolio managers have
represented themselves as protecting client assets, but they failed
by either knowingly permitting improper trading by brokers or
actively engaging in illegal trading activities themselves.
Such practices may not only violate prospectus disclosures, but
also violate the fiduciary duties that funds owe to their share-
holders—the duties to treat all shareholders equitably and to pro-
tect shareholder interests. Further, regulators have indicated that
they may soon file charges against funds that have selectively
disclosed portfolio information to certain privileged investors and
fund executives that may have engaged in illegal insider trading by
acting on the basis of nonpublic information.
As this Committee made clear during Chairman William H.
Donaldson’s September 30 appearance here, a regulatory response
to improper trading activities is just one of the many actions that
the SEC must take to address the many troubling issues that have
come to light in the mutual fund industry. This Committee remains
concerned with the transparency of fund operations and ensuring
that investors can learn how their fund is being managed. It has
become very, very apparent that many of the questionable fund
practices that are now being examined are not just the result of a
few bad actors, but are longstanding industry practices that have
largely gone unregulated and not well disclosed to, or understood
by, most investors.
Therefore, this Committee must take a comprehensive look, I be-
lieve, at the industry to determine if the industry’s operations and
practices are consistent with investors’ interests and the greater
interests of the market. It may be that we must consider possible
realignment of interests to ensure that mutual funds are operating
as efficiently and fairly as the market and investors demand. We
will examine fund disclosure practices regarding fees, trading costs,
sales commissions, and portfolio holdings. So, we will continue to
question the conflicts of interest surrounding the relationship be-
tween the investment adviser and the fund and how potential
changes to fund governance and disclosure practices may minimize
these conflicts.
We will also focus on fund sales practices to ensure that brokers
sell suitable investments to their clients, provide adequate disclo-
sure of any sales incentives, and give clients any breakpoint dis-
counts to which they are entitled.
Chairman Donaldson has told this Committee that the SEC has
the necessary statutory authority to reform the mutual fund indus-
try and is in the process of conducting a comprehensive rulemak-
ing. As we have learned in other contexts, however, additional reg-
ulation is not the only answer. Late trading is clearly illegal and
market timing is actively deterred and policed. Despite prohibitions
and warnings, these activities continued unabated because of the
inadequate compliance and enforcement regimes at the SEC, the
mutual funds and the brokers. Whether due to a lack of resources
or other pressing priorities, mutual fund abuses simply did not re-
ceive adequate attention from the SEC. Although recent enforce-
ment actions indicate that priorities have changed, we need to
understand how the SEC will revise compliance programs to detect
and halt future fund abuses.
Vigorous enforcement remains the key to restoring integrity to
the fund industry, and Attorney General Spitzer’s timely actions
once again demonstrate, I believe, the significant role that States
play in prosecuting fraud and abuse in the securities markets. Re-
gardless of the number of rules or amount of resources, it would
be impractical to expect the SEC to detect every single fraud and
manipulation in the fund industry. Therefore, the mutual funds
and the brokerage houses themselves must proactively adopt new
compliance measures to detect fraud and abuse. For many years,
participants in the mutual fund industry maintain industry ‘‘best
practices.’’ These practices, however, have clearly proven to be in-
adequate as brokers and funds have disregarded conflicts of inter-
est and colluded at the expense of investors without detection.
Although funds and brokers owe different types of duties to their
investors, both groups have an obligation to refrain from knowingly
ignoring their clients’ interests and profiting at their expense.
With over 95 million investors and $7 trillion—yes, $7 trillion—
in assets, mutual funds have always been perceived as the safe
investment option for average investors. America has become a Na-
tion of investors, but there is no doubt that recent revelations
about mutual funds have caused very many to question the per-
ceived fairness of the industry. Many are surprised to learn that
the mutual fund industry is plagued by the same conflict that was
at the root of the Enron scandal and the global settlement—one set
of profitable rules for insiders and another costly set for average
investors.
Beyond the legal concepts of fiduciary duties and transparency,
there is a more fundamental principle that should underlie the
operation of the mutual fund industry and our securities markets
in general.
This principle is that securities firms and mutual funds should
not neglect investors’ interests and knowingly profit at their ex-
pense. Until firms can demonstrate an ability to abide by this
ideal, investors will not trust the markets, nor should they. In our
own way, Congress, the SEC and regulators, and industry partici-
pants must collectively work to reform the mutual fund industry in
order to restore investor confidence. I believe, we must reassure in-
vestors that mutual funds are a vehicle in which they can safely
invest their money and not fall victim to financial schemes. The
mutual fund industry is simply too important to too many Ameri-
cans to do otherwise.
Examining the mutual fund industry is a priority for this Com-
mittee, and I look forward to working with my fellow Committee
Members, especially Senators Enzi, Dodd, and Corzine, all of whom
have already expressed significant interest in this issue.
Our first witness today is Chairman Bill Donaldson, and on the
second panel we will hear from Matthew Fink, President of the In-
vestment Company Institute, and Marc Lackritz, President of the
Securities Industry Association.
Now, I will call on my Members.
Senator Sarbanes.


 
 
Statement of Robert C. Pozen
Chairman
MFS Investment Management
and
Visiting Professor
Harvard Law School

“REVIEW OF CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS AND REGULATORY ACTIONS
REGARDING THE MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY:
FUND OPERATIONS AND GOVERNANCE”

COMMITTEE ON BANKING, HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS
UNITED STATES SENATE
 
March 23, 2004

Thank you Chairman Shelby, Ranking Member Sarbanes and other members of the
Committee for this opportunity to present my views on appropriate reforms for the mutual fund
industry.

My name is Robert C. Pozen and I am from Boston, Massachusetts. I am currently
Chairman of MFS Investment Management, which manages approximately $140 billion for
approximately 370 accounts including over 100 mutual funds serving approximately six million
investors. I am also a visiting professor at Harvard Law School and author of the textbook
The
Mutual Fund Business
(2 ed. Houghton Mifflin 2001).

I commend the Committee for engaging in a deliberative and broad-ranging review of the
operations and regulation of the mutual fund industry. While I welcome questions about any
aspect of the fund industry, I will limit my testimony today to three areas where I believe that MFS is helping to set important new standards for the fund industry: 
 
1) maximized shareholder valuethrough fund brokerage; 
 
2) individualized reporting of shareholder expenses; and 
 
3) structural enhancements for fund governance. We are making changes in these three areas to benefit MFS shareholders and, if followed by the rest of the industry, to benefit all fund shareholders.
 
 
I. Reducing Reliance on Soft Dollars
The current system of paying for goods and services with “soft dollars”, taken out of
brokerage commissions, is detrimental to mutual fund shareholders. The use of “soft dollar”
payments makes it virtually impossible for a fund manager to ascertain the true costs of executing trades because execution costs are bundled together with the costs of other goods and services such as research reports and Bloomberg terminals. If these costs were unbundled, then fund managers could pay cash out of their own pockets for independent research or market data, and could negotiate for lower execution prices for fund shareholders.

 
Currently, if a trader from a mutual fund executes fund trades through a full-service
broker on Wall Street, the trader pays five cents a share for execution plus a broad range of
goods or services from the executing broker or third parties: e.g., securities research, market data and brokerage allocations to promote fund sales. These goods and services are paid in “soft dollars”: that is, they are bundled into the five cents per share charge in a non- transparent

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manner. If MFS does not accept these ancillary goods or services through “soft dollars”, it will still
be required to pay five cents per share by the full-service broker.

In other words, it is almost impossible to obtain a price discount from a full-service
Wall Street firm for executing a large fund trade. However, that firm is willing to provide an in-kind
discount in the form of soft dollars that can be used to purchase various goods or services. This is
more than a technical pricing oddity. The key point is this: a price discount on the trade (for
example, from five cents to three cents per share) would go directly to the mutual fund and its
shareholders. In-kind services like market data services go directly to the fund management
company and only indirectly to the mutual fund and its shareholders.

MFS has already eliminated the use of “soft dollars” to promote sales of mutual fund
shares. Since January 1, 2004, MFS has been paying cash out of its own pocket to broker-
dealers to promote fund sales. While the SEC has proposed a rule to this effect, MFS has
switched from soft dollars to cash to promote fund sales regardless of whether and when the SEC
adopts its rule.

More dramatically, earlier this month MFS decided to stop using soft dollars to pay for
third-party research1 and market data. Again MFS will pay cash out of its own pocket for these
items. MFS estimates that this decision will cost the management company $10 to $15 million per
year. Yet MFS has agreed not to raise its advisory fees for its funds over the next five years.

Why is MFS willing to take the lead on getting off the addiction to soft dollars and moving to the healthy environment of price discounts? 
 
The simple answer is: MFS puts the fund shareholder first. We recognize the need to employ a full-service broker to execute a large block trade (e.g., 500,000 shares in Genzyme); we need their skills and capital to actively work the trade and take up a portion of the trade themselves if necessary. But we want to pay a price in the range of three cents per share for an agency-only trade, though we are willing to pay more for a trade requiring capital to be put at risk by the broker-dealer.

1 We are not stopping the use of “soft dollars” for proprietary research and other services. Only recently has the SEC issued a concept release on accounting for all the elements of a bundled commission. SEC Release IC-26313 (Dec. 19, 2003).

2 of 6
 
The broader answer is that MFS wants to lead the industry to lower and more transparent execution costs. To accomplish this objective, MFS will need support from other asset managers as well as the SEC. Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act provides a safe harbor for asset managers using “soft dollars” for research and brokerage services. Initially, the SEC interpreted this safe harbor narrowly--allowing payment in “soft dollars” only if a good or service or product were not readily available for cash. Several years later, however, the SEC broadened the safe harbor to include any “legitimate” purpose for soft dollars (SEC Exchange Act Release 23170, April 23, 1986). The SEC should move back to its initial narrow interpretation of 28(e) to reduce the reliance on the use of “soft dollars”.
 
II. Individualized Expense Reporting

MFS will issue an individualized quarterly statement, rather than a general listing of fund expenses in basis points, which will show each fund shareholder a reasonable estimate of his or her actual fund expenses in dollar terms. 
 
The MFS design for this individualized quarterly statement is cost effective as a result of one key assumption: that shareholders hold their funds for the whole prior quarter. This assumption is reasonable because over 90% of MFS shareholders fall into this category.
 
At present, the prospectus of every mutual fund contains an expense table listing the
various categories of fund expenses in basis points. The table might say, for instance:

Advisory Fee 53 bp

Transfer Agency Fee 10 bp

Other Fees 2 bp

12 b-1 Fee 25 bp

Total Expenses 90 bp

 
In addition, the prospectus of every fund includes a hypothetical example of a $10,000 investment in the fund to show the dollar amount of actual fund expenses paid by such a fund shareholder during the relevant period. The hypothetical example for the mutual fund with the expenses described above, for instance, would show $90 in total fund expenses over the last year.

Nevertheless, some critics have argued that mutual fund investors need customized
expense statements. By that, these critics mean the actual expenses paid by a shareholder in

 
3 of 6

several funds based on his or her precise holding period as well as the fund dividends during that
period. For example, we would have to compute the exact expenses of a shareholder who held
Fund A from January 15 until March 31 without reinvesting fund dividends; another shareholder
who held Fund B for the whole year and reinvested all fund dividends; and yet another
shareholder who held Fund C from February 1 until June 15 as well as from August 22 until
December 11 (during both periods, assuming no record date for fund dividends occurred).

This type of customized expense statement would, in my opinion, involve enormous
computer programming costs. The program would have to track the holdings of every fund
shareholder on a daily basis, take into account whether a fund dividend was reinvested or paid
out to the shareholder, and apply monthly basis point charges to fund balances reflecting monthly
appreciation or depreciation of fund assets. Of course, these large computer costs would
ultimately be passed on to fund shareholders.

At MFS, we will provide every fund shareholder with an estimate of his or her actual
expenses on their quarterly statements.
2 We can do this at an affordable cost by making one
reasonable assumption—that the fund holdings of the shareholder at the end of the quarter were
the same throughout the quarter. Although this is a simplifying assumption, it produces a good
estimate of actual fund expenses since most shareholders do not switch funds during a quarter.
Indeed, this assumption will often lead to a slightly higher estimate of individualized expenses
than the actual amount because some shareholders will buy the fund during the quarter and other
shareholders will reinvest fund dividends during the quarter.

In addition, MFS will send its shareholders in every fund’s semi-annual report the
total amount of brokerage commissions paid by the fund during the relevant period as well as the
fund’s average commission rate per share (for example, 4.83 cents per share on average). But
this information on brokerage commissions should be separated from the fund expense table
because all the other items in the table are ordinary expenses expressed in basis points. By
contrast, brokerage commissions are a capital expense added to the tax basis of the securities
held by the fund, and brokerage commissions are expressed in cents per share.

2 These individualized expenses will not include brokerage costs because they are capitalized in the cost of the portfolio
security.

4 of 6

II. Enhanced Governance Structure

The mutual fund industry has a unique governance structure: the fund is a separate entity from its external manager. The independent directors of the fund must annually approve the
terms and conditions of the fund’s contract with its external manager. Of course, the independent directors usually reappoint the management company. In an industrial company, how often do the directors throw out the whole management team? But the independent directors of most mutual funds, in my experience, do represent fund shareholders by negotiating for contract terms and  monitoring potential conflicts of interest.

 
At MFS, we believe we have the most advanced form of corporate governance in the
industry. To begin with, over 75% of the board is comprised of independent directors, who elect their own independent chairman. The chairman leads the executive sessions of independent directors, which occur before or after every board meeting. The independent chairman also helps set the board’s agenda for each meeting. A lead independent director could definitely take charge of the executive sessions and a lead director could also help set the board’s agenda. Thus, it
does not matter which title is employed; the key is to insure that a senior independent director
plays these two functions.

In many boards, the independent directors have their own independent counsel, as
the MFS boards do. But the independent directors of the MFS funds are going one step further by
appointing their own compliance officer. This officer will monitor all compliance activities by MFS
as well as supervise the fund’s own activities, and will report regularly to the Compliance
Committee of the Board (which itself is composed solely of independent directors).

On the management company side, MFS is the only company I know of that has a
non-executive chairman reporting to the independent directors of the MFS funds. This is a new
position designed to assure that the management company is fully accountable to the funds’
independent directors.

Finally, MFS as a management company has established the new position of Executive Vice President for Regulatory Affairs, and filled the position with a distinguished industry veteran. In addition, MFS has hired a distinguished law firm partner as its new general

5 of 6
 
counsel. Both will serve on the executive committee of MFS. The new Executive Vice President will be in charge of several regulatory functions—compliance, internal audit and fund treasury.

This high profile position within MFS is more than symbolic; it represents the great significance
given by MFS to these regulatory functions. While these functions are performed in most fund
management companies, it is rare to see the person in charge of these functions having the title of executive vice president and serving on the executive committee of the firm.

Conclusions

In summary, MFS is trying to establish standards of best practices in three important
areas to fund shareholders: 
 
1) reduced reliance on “soft dollars”, 
 
2) individualized expense reporting, and 
 
3) enhanced governance structure. Other management firms are trying to take the lead in setting industry standards in other areas. At the same time, the SEC is in the process of
proposing and adopting a myriad of rules on disclosure requirements and substantive prohibitions or the fund industry—which overlap to a degree with the efforts of the fund management firms.

Because the SEC and the management firms are making such serious efforts to develop
higher behavioral norms for the mutual fund industry, it might be useful for Congress to monitor these efforts before finalizing a bill on mutual fund reforms. These are complex issues that may be better suited to an evolutionary process, led by an expert public agency with the flexibility to address the changing legal and factual environment.
 
Thank you again for this opportunity to testify on mutual fund reform. I would be pleased
to answer any questions the Chairman or Committee Members might have. 

 
6 of 6
 
 
 
 
 
 

Robert C. Pozen


  • Former president of Fidelity Investments and executive chairman of MFS Investment Management
  • Expert who has made hundreds of appearances to companies, television audiences and leaders around the world
  • Writer for the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, the Financial Times, the Harvard Business Review, and more around the globe

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Kevin Muhlendorf

Kevin Muhlendorf became the SEC's Inspector General in July 2025. For the previous nine years, he was a partner in the white-collar defense and government investigations practice at Wiley Rein LLP in Washington D.C., where he focused on representing individuals and entities in criminal and civil securities enforcement matters.

In private practice, Mr. Muhlendorf regularly conducted sensitive internal investigations and provided compliance counseling for clients. While on secondment from Wiley Rein for portions of 2023 and 2024, Mr. Muhlendorf served as Acting Inspector General for the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA), where he led approximately three dozen auditors and special agents conducting investigations and issuing financial and performance audits. He also designed and implemented a whistleblower award pilot program.

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Before joining the SEC, Ms. Serrano served as an attorney in the General Counsel’s Office of the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC), where she advised on government ethics and administrative law matters. Prior to PBGC, Ms. Serrano served as an attorney and ethics official in the United States Air Force, Office of the General Counsel.

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Subject: Anybody notice Mark Carney and David Eby at the top of this old email?
To: <peter.mackay@mcinnescooper.com>, <rchedore@mosherchedore.ca>, <cei@nbnet.nb.ca>, Richard.Bragdon <richard.bragdon@parl.gc.ca>, news <news@chco.tv>, news957 <news957@rogers.com>, news-tips <news-tips@nytimes.com>, <paulpalango@eastlink.ca>, rfife <rfife@globeandmail.com>, jan.jensen <jan.jensen@justice.gc.ca>, <john.nater@parl.gc.ca>, John.Williamson <john.williamson@parl.gc.ca>, <roman.baber@parl.gc.ca>, melissa.lantsman <melissa.lantsman@parl.gc.ca>, <adam@adamrodgers.ca>, Jenny.Kwan <jenny.kwan@parl.gc.ca>, Gord.Johns <gord.johns@parl.gc.ca>, Heather.McPherson <heather.mcpherson@parl.gc.ca>, dan.albas <dan.albas@parl.gc.ca>, Bob.Zimmer <bob.zimmer@parl.gc.ca>, <todd.doherty@parl.gc.ca>, <frank.caputo@parl.gc.ca>, <mark.strahl@parl.gc.ca>, <sukhman.gill@parl.gc.ca>
Cc: pierre.poilievre <pierre.poilievre@parl.gc.ca>, francis.scarpaleggia <francis.scarpaleggia@parl.gc.ca>, Yves-Francois.Blanchet <Yves-Francois.Blanchet@parl.gc.ca>, <news@radioabl.ca>, <david.myles@parl.gc.ca>, Michael.Duheme <Michael.Duheme@rcmp-grc.gc.ca>, <mia.urquhart@cbc.ca>, Robert. Jones <Robert.Jones@cbc.ca>, <hjohnson@townofriverview.ca>, <jcoughlan@townofriverview.ca>, <wbennett@townofriverview.ca>, <jthorne@townofriverview.ca>, warren.mcbeath <warren.mcbeath@rcmp-grc.gc.ca>, Mark.Blakely <Mark.Blakely@rcmp-grc.gc.ca>, mcu <mcu@justice.gc.ca>, rob.moore <rob.moore@parl.gc.ca>, Sean.Fraser <Sean.Fraser@parl.gc.ca>, <Aaron.Kennedy@gnb.ca>, <aaron.gunn@parl.gc.ca>, Susan.Holt <Susan.Holt@gnb.ca>, robert.mckee <robert.mckee@gnb.ca>, robert.gauvin <robert.gauvin@gnb.ca>, Ginette.PetitpasTaylor <Ginette.PetitpasTaylor@parl.gc.ca>, David.Coon <David.Coon@gnb.ca>, kris.austin <kris.austin@gnb.ca>, davidmylesforfredericton@gmail.com <DavidMylesForFredericton@gmail.com>, <mike.dawson@parl.gc.ca>, <david.mcguinty@parl.gc.ca>, <ps.ministerofpublicsafety-ministredelasecuritepublique.sp@ps-sp.gc.ca>, Wayne.Long <Wayne.Long@parl.gc.ca>, fin.minfinance-financemin.fin <fin.minfinance-financemin.fin@canada.ca>, dominic.leblanc <dominic.leblanc@parl.gc.ca>, don.davies <don.davies@parl.gc.ca>, Frank.McKenna <Frank.McKenna@td.com>, <francois-philippe.champagne@parl.gc.ca>, <melanie.joly@ised-isde.gc.ca>, pm <pm@pm.gc.ca>, Steven.MacKinnon <Steven.MacKinnon@parl.gc.ca>, <Patrick.Fitzgerald@skadden.com>, washington field <washington.field@ic.fbi.gov>, mdcohen212 <mdcohen212@gmail.com>, premier <premier@ontario.ca>, premier <premier@gov.yk.ca>, Office of the Premier <scott.moe@gov.sk.ca>, premier <premier@gov.pe.ca>, premier <premier@gov.nl.ca>, premier <premier@gov.ab.ca>, prontoman1 <prontoman1@protonmail.com>, ragingdissident <ragingdissident@protonmail.com>, <jasonlavigne@outlook.com>


---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 24 Mar 2009 17:43:47 -0300
Subject: Hey you in the BCC line its "Just Dave" and we just talked
please share these emails with anyone and everyone you wish

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 16 Mar 2009 19:13:32 -0300
Subject: Lets see Mark Carney and Warren Buffet deny knowing about my
concerns now EH Jimmy Flaherty?
To: MCarney <MCarney@bankofcanada.ca>, MCarney
<Casey.B@parl.gc.ca>, "andrew.krystal"

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Jeremy Harrison <Jharrison@bank-banque-canada.ca>
Date: Mon, 16 Mar 2009 17:54:45 -0400
Subject: Out of Office AutoReply: Small wonder the Wall Street Jounal
now blocks my comments EH Petey Baby Stoffer and Tommy boy Young

I am currently away from the office. Je ne suis pas disponible.

If the matter is urgent, please contact Dale Alexander at 782-8782. Si
c'est urgent, veuillez composer 782-8782.
====================================================================================

La version française suit le texte anglais.

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---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2009 18:38:41 -0300
Subject: Hey Wayne Carlin read Dan Mangan's and the New York Post's
bullshit  about Bernie Madoff, high finance and your corrupt Fed pals.
aih <aih@cbc.ca>, news <news@kingscorecord.com>, "mcknight. gisele"


Too Too Funny EH?



NEW YORK POST
(212) 930-8000

It appears that the far from funny reporter who know nothing of
ethical journalism doesn't know I know who owns him.


It certainly appears to me that his lawyer  Arthur M. Siskind hasn't
the savy to even read his master's law blog so why should i be
surprised at how dumb Rupert's reporter's are EH?



5:23 pm June 13, 2008
David Raymond Amos wrote:
After you check my work perhaps you should mention my name as you ask
your Senators such as McCain and Obama who wanna be President why the
trancripts etc of these hearings have dissappeared. from the public
record. EH?



For the record this nasty puppy of rupert's was in his office when i
sent this email and others. Hell I talked to him before I sent him the
emails I promised and all he succeeded in doing was pissing me off. He
knows I am am a for real dude.

Veritas Vincit
David Raymond Amos

Do these dudes smell foul play tommorrow. I certainly do. Its kinda
funny these lawyers won't talk to me EH?


From: "Dan.Mangan" <Dan.Mangan@nypost.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2009 16:00:33 -0400
Subject: Out of Office AutoReply: We just talked Mr. Litt the instant
you bullshitted me I knew the score between you, the FBI and I
CORRECT?

Hello --

If you are a real person rather than  a spam email generator, please
re-send your original message to: dmangan@nypost.com

Instead of to this address, which I rarely if ever check.

Thanks -- Dan Mangan, Reporter, New York Post


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---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2009 17:00:17 -0300
Subject: Fwd: We just talked Mr. Litt the instant you bullshitted me I
knew  the score between you, the FBI and I CORRECT?
Cc: "David. Glockner" <David.Glockner@usdoj.gov>, "criminal. division"
<criminal.division@usdoj.gov>, "Aurele. Daigle"

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2009 15:54:28 -0300
Subject: We just talked Mr. Litt the instant you bullshitted me I knew
the  score between you, the FBI and I CORRECT?

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2009 15:38:08 -0300
Subject: Fwd: Perhaps somebody will call me back now EH Ms. Clark? 506 756
8687

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 9 Mar 2009 17:34:50 -0300
Subject: Perhaps somebody will call me back now EH Ms. Clark? 506 756 8687

I just talked to the man in the Banker's Umbudsman's office who has
had my file since 2005. Lets just say that I was greatly offended.



Nathalie Clark
General Counsel and
Corporate Secretary
Tel: (416) 362-6093, ext. 214

As I am trying to contact the Pugwash people once again  I cross paths
with more nasty Yankees trying hard to play dumb?

Need I say that Non Profit corps such as this offend me greatly?


Veritas Vincit
David Raymond Amos

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 6 Mar 2009 13:57:48 -0400
Subject: Trust that whatever covert deal that Bernie Madoff and KPMG
etc may  make with the Feds they are not fooling mean old me
Cc: oig <oig@sec.gov>


---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: "Sartory, Thomas J." <TSartory@goulstonstorrs.com>
Date: Fri, 6 Mar 2009 07:41:20 -0500
Subject: RE: I did talk the lawyers Golub and Flumenbaum tried to
discuss Bernie Madoff and KPMG etc before sending these emails


Dear Mr. Amos,

I am General Counsel at Goulston & Storrs.  Your email below to
Messers. Rosensweig and Reisch has been forwarded to me for response.
While it's not clear what type of assistance, if any, you seek from
Goulston % Storrs, please be advised that we are not in a  position to
help you.  Please do not send further communications to any of our
attorneys.  We will not be able to respond, and your communications
will not be protected by the attorney-client privilege.

We wish you well in the pursuit of your concerns.

Sincerely,

Thomas J. Sartory




-----Original Message-----
From: David Amos [mailto:
Sent: Wednesday, March 04, 2009 8:18 PM
To: Rosensweig, Richard J.; info@LAtaxlawyers.com; Reisch, Alan M.;
Subject: Fwd: I did talk the lawyers Golub and Flumenbaum tried to
discuss Bernie Madoff and KPMG etc before sending these emails

Perhaps somebody should call me back now. EH? (506 756 8687)


Richard J. Rosensweig
(617) 574-3588

Just Dave
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---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: David Amos <david.raymond.amos@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2009 16:25:27 -0400
Subject: I did talk the lawyers Golub and Flumenbaum tried to discuss
Bernie  Madoff and KPMG etc before sending these emails

It appears to me that everybody knows everything and yet ignore mean old me
eh?

Perhaps everybody should Conrad Black's name and mine sometime EH?

"In a highly publicized trial in Delaware, Mr. Flumenbaum recently won
a battle for corporate control involving Hollinger International, as
well as a $30 million verdict against Conrad Black."














Flumenbaum claimed he never heard of me but welcomed my emails all the
same. Whem I asked Golub if he recalled how we had crossed paths
before he did not deny it but just could not recall tis all. Golub
told me he wanted to talk to his clients and get my emails from the
local cops instead of me. I understood in a hearbest that he just
wished to play dumb again. So I added a llittle more to this email and
clearly did as I promised.

Whereas you people won't speak honestly to me perhaps you should ask
the RCMP and and the FBI and the SEC etc what they know about my
affairs EH Yankees? I will try to talk to some of your clients now.
they are an interesting well mixed crowd to say the least and it
appaears that they are all justifiably pissed off at the Feds just
like I have been for many years.

Veritas Vincit
David Raymond Amos

Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2008 06:12:26 -0800 (PST)
From: David Amos
Subject: I waited nearly two weeks for your lawyer to call me Paulette
now I will email and post this as i promised


I understood your hints about KPMG and the ex RCMP dudes It was kinda
a nobrainer to me after you selected that one email to respond too
after all that I had sent but why should I help you people with your
pensions while you people work hard to falsely imprison me once again?
This contains a true verison of he email I sent you over a month ago
about the crooked KPMG crowd
You complain of the RCMP treatment of you and your family yet you take
a new job trying to recruit new people for the RCMP to abuse. what
gives with that? I thought you were more honest and professional than
that. What do you tell the kids about your concerns with the the lack
of integrity of the RCMP as you suggest that they join the force?

Norman Inkster
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
BA (hons.), Commander of the C.St.J., LL.D. (born August 19, 1938)
served as 18th Commissioner of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, from
September 1, 1987 to June 24, 1994. From 1992 until 1994 he also
served as President of Interpol. Born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, he was
educated at the University of New Brunswick, where he studied
sociology and psychology; during his studies he was continuously
employed in the Human Resources department of the RCMP.From 1994 to
2003 he was a partner with KPMG in Toronto, the latter part of which
he was global managing partner of the forensic practice. In 1995 he
was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. In 2003 he retired from
KPMG and started Inkster Group. He was the President of the Inkster
Group, which provides various security and policing services to a list
of international clients, including the Province of Ontario. In 2006
Inkster Group was acquired by Navigant Consulting where Inkster is now
a managing director.

David Amos  wrote:
Date: Sun, 27 Jan 2008 10:57:48 -0800 (PST)
From: David Amos
Subject: What kind of Bullshit Response is that Paulette
To: Paulette Delaney-Smith <Paulette.Delaney-Smith@rcmp-grc.gc.ca>

We also talked at least twice recently because your fellow cops
directed me to you instead of the dudes I wanted to speak to. You told
me that you gave my material to Kevin Jackson and commented that you
had not received any emails from me lately ( you never respnded to the
ones I sent in the past anyway) and I told you that they had been
blocked by your pals and I suggested that you talk to your incompetent
lawyer Gilmour. Remember lady? Anyway I was so pissed off by your pals
stalking me and putting the proof of their malice in Youtube that i
sent you some emails from my son's email address (your cop pals killed
my other email accounts) just to see if they would get through.
Surprise surprise some did and some did not. However Iknew that you
got yours Methinks there is some defections in your ranks. Perhaps you
and your fellow whisleblowers who cry alot in the Media should pick up
the phone and make a deal with a honest whistleblower and then tell
the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth for the benefit
of all Canadians EH? Everybody and his dog knows that the RCMP are as
crooked as hell and they only care about the RCMP and their pensions
not the interests of the people they were hired to serve and protect.
  Vertias Vincit      David Raymond Amos P.S. I will keep this email
in confidence for one day then email it to politicians and the media
and then post it on the web. Quit playing games and call me will ya?
they may be a very importenat election in the near future  and our
affairs may become of interest to some smiling bastards loooking to
get relected.  Obviously nobody can deny that you and I did not cross
paths before the 39th Parliament sat on April 4th, 2006 and you
refused to act within the scope of your employment for some strange
reason and shortly thereafter your former lawyer Richard Bell whom I
had crossed paths with in 2004 became the first  judge Stevey boy
Harper appointed Surprise Surprise N'est Pas?  506 434 1379 Please use
it tomorrow before I file my first complaints in Federal Court.
Paulette Delaney-Smith <Paulette.Delaney-Smith@rcmp-grc.gc.ca> wrote:
David,

I received your voice mail, I have been transferred to another unit
and I am unaware of who is dealing with your complaints at this time.

Paulette Delaney-Smith, Cpl.
RCMPolice "J" DIvision HQ

>>> David Amos 01/03/08 12:49 AM >>>
Date: Wed, 2 Jan 2008 20:49:27 -0800 (PST)
From: David Amos
Subject: Fwd: Response to your emails
CC: Date: Wed, 2 Jan 2008 20:49:27 -0800 (PST)
From: David Amos <myson333@yahoo.com>
Subject: Fwd: Response to your emails

Whereas you RCMP people refused to act within the scope of your
employment and investigate major crimes Tis time for me to sue many
bankers too N'est Pas Ms. Paulette Delaney-Smith and your old buddy
Louie Lefebvre?

US-KPMG FW Ombudsman Office <us-ogcombudsman848@kpmg.com> wrote:
Whereas you RCMP people refused to act within the scope of your
employment and investigate major crimes Tis time for me to sue many
bankers too N'est Pas Ms. Paulette Delaney-Smith and your old buddy
Louie Lefebvre?

US-KPMG FW Ombudsman Office us-ogcombudsman848@kpmg.com wrote:

Subject: Response to your emails
Date: Tue, 13 Nov 2007 10:16:12 -0500
From: "US-KPMG FW Ombudsman Office"
To: ,


Dear Mr. Amos,

Thank you for contacting us. We have reviewed the information that you
provided in your emails, and are not able to determine what specific
issues you are raising that we should consider investigating. Thus, in
order to conduct an investigation, we need to gather more specific
information. Would you be willing to have a confidential conversation
with me, the Ombudsman here at KPMG LLP (US) or would you be willing
to provide me with a summary of your allegations as they relate to
KPMG LLP or its clients and any evidence to support those allegations?
Thank you for your continued assistance with this matter.

Thanks,

Michael Plansky
Ombudsman



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---------- 0riginal message ---------
From: Cynthia Chung from Through A Glass Darkly <cynthiachung@substack.com>
Date: Sat, Feb 14, 2026 at 9:51 AM
Subject: US Billionaires Unite to “Make America Great Again”
To: <David.Raymond.Amos333@gmail.com>






Forwarded this email? Subscribe here for more

US Billionaires Unite to “Make America Great Again”

Part II of ‘Make Whose America Great Again?’ Series

 



READ IN APP
 


So, the statistics for 2025 are in on whether the Trump Administration’s approach of “tariff everything” (which is in fact a revenue tariff not a protective tariff as per William McKinley himself) has been a success - and despite the claim that the “Golden Age” is upon us, it is looking like you are not included in those positive projections for the future.

Trump’s tariffs did generate revenue, approx. $250 billion, however, according to a study published in January 19, 2026 by the Kiel Institute für Weltwirtschaft, this money was not generated from overseas but rather 96% of this “revenue” from the tariffs came from the American consumers and producers. Foreign exporters in reaction to the Trump tariffs simply raised their prices to compensate or exported fewer products.

Let’s look at the automobile sector as an example:

The top chart shows the cumulative duties since 2018 for imported vehicles. We can see with the red line, representing the year 2025, that the calculated duties as of July were $12.97 billion, compared with July in 2024 at a total of just $1.97 billion. This was a massive cost shock to American automobile assemblers. This shows that it was the American automobile producers who were hit hardest with the Trump tariffs, not its foreign competitors.

The bottom chart shows the operating profit (loss) from operations for motor vehicles and parts manufactures (NAICS 3363) from the Quarterly Financial Report. Q2 2025 was the second lowest profit quarter going back to 2011, with only the Q2 2020 COVID lockdown quarter being worse. [1] Firms made just $114 million in operating profit off of $229 billion in revenue or a ratio of operating profit over loss (expressed as a percentage) of just 0.05%. In other words, for every $1 of revenue, operating profit was $0.0005. [2] That is a net loss of huge proportions and is clearly not sustainable…

This reminds me of when Biden claimed a Real GDP increase of 2.8% in 2024, however, what he didn’t tell you was that that “growth” was made possible with a GDP Deficit of 6.4%. As we can appreciate with the below graph from the US Treasury Department, almost all of the United States’ so-called GDP growth from especially 2010 till today, is in fact coming from massive deficit spending. In other words, the United States is borrowing money “to keep the party going,” there is no net growth.



And in the case of the 2025 tariffs, we can see that any “revenue” claimed as a profit is being paid by the American consumer or producer

“In Q2 2024, auto assemblers built 10.7 million passenger vehicles in the USA on a seasonally adjusted annual rate. That number was 10.3 million in Q2 2025 (relatively unchanged). Yet, profits plunged to one of the lowest levels in nearly 15 years. The tariffs are to blame.” [3]

Thus, there was no actual boost to the manufacturing base of the United States from these revenue tariffs, in fact, revenue was actually taken from the American consumer and producer base to pay off debt that has been accrued over the decades from the speculative antics of Wall Street (anyone still remember that nothing changed after the 2008 financial crash???). I know ex-lieutenant of Soros, US Secretary of Treasury Scott Bessent does, where do you think he made his billions of dollars from?

To further confirm that US manufacturing in fact took a hit rather than a boost from these policies here are some statistics from the past year:

Since U.S. bank asset values are inflated, when the two-quadrillion-dollar global financial bubble bursts, they will turn into the largest aggregate loss in history.

There is no way to prevent this collapse of the system unless, rather ironically after Jamieson Greer’s speech at Davos, the Trump Administration truly returns to the Hamiltonian roots of the American System school of protectionism instead of using empty words.

This begins with the re-implementation of Glass-Steagall bank separation policy to remove the parasitical banking of Wall Street from the essential functions of commercial and savings banks that are tied to the real economy, such as the manufacturing/industrial sector.

Matt Ehret's Insights
With the application of protective tariffs applied across the board by President Trump, many are proclaiming the age of Neo-Liberalism dead…
10 months ago · 57 likes · 8 comments · Matthew Ehret

With this in mind, I would like to reshare with you all Part II of my “Make Whose America Great Again?” series (with some recent updates) where I went over in detail last summer 2025 why the Trump Adminsitration’s approach to tariffs were going to gut U.S. manufacturing rather than save it and work to decrease the overall standard of living for Americans. And keep in mind here, we are only into the first year of this policy…

- Cynthia Chung, Feb, 12, 2026

US Billionaires Unite to “Make America Great Again”

By Cynthia Chung

(published May 8, 2025)

Part I discusses the story of America’s deindustrialisation, which began in the 1960s. In the following decades the United States became increasingly a services economy which included the financialization of debt, that now makes up a large portion of US revenue. Today the American economy largely consists of revenue from casino (i.e. Wall Street) and landlord profits, such as Blackstone the largest commercial landlord in the world. Blackstone made a killing off of the housing bubble bust during the 2008 financial crisis and is a big reason why Americans can no longer afford to purchase a house of their own. Part I also goes through the real reason why the reciprocal tariffs were paused only one week after they were announced.

In Part II we will do an overview of what US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and US Secretary of Commerce Howard Lutnick have set forth in their promise to Americans to bring back jobs, with a focus on manufacturing jobs. And to rebuild industry, especially in advanced technologies.

We will also discuss the outcome thus far in Bessent’s global tariff strategy as well as how the US tariff war is fairing in its face-off with China.

Also make sure to check out Part III of this series:

Wall Street vs Main Street

Before we get into the nitty-gritty of the policies of the new administration, I would like to do a brief overview of the state of affairs presently in terms of Americans’ livelihood. This will also allow us to appreciate how much room or lack of room we have, if we were to face a deeper recession in the near future.

In America today, there are over 22 million people who are making less than $15/hour and nearly 40 million people who are earning less than $17/hour. The federal minimum wage has not been raised since 2009 and remains $7.25/hour.



There are 20 out of the total 50 states who are still at the bare minimum wage of $7.25/hour.

Here is a list of all the times the federal minimum wage was increased from 1978 to 2009 (if you want to look at the full list that started in 1938 you can access it here at the US Department of Labor website).


A document with text on it

AI-generated content may be incorrect.

The US dollar has had an average inflation rate of 2.53% per year between 2009 and today, producing a cumulative price increase of 49.06%. This means that today’s prices are 1.49 times as high as average prices since 2009, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics consumer price index. This means that $100 in 2009 is equivalent to $149.06 today.

And in just four years (Jan. 2021- Jan. 2025) inflation on food prices has increased by 21%. This means that $100 in 2021 is now equivalent to $121.00 today. This is a big decrease in purchasing power because it is the prices of goods that are increasing by this much, not the wage. Minimum wage is not increasing based on the inflation rate. Thus, inflation means everything gets more expensive for the US consumer, especially for those in the lowest income bracket.


A screen shot of a graph

AI-generated content may be incorrect.

Graphic showing the declining purchasing power of the U.S. dollar since the early 1900s

So this is very telling about the decline in living standard that is occurring within the country at an incredible pace.

In addition, companies like Walmart who received staggering tax breaks from Trump’s new tax reform have failed to lower prices. This begs the question, if these massive companies who provide essential services to the public, receive massive tax breaks and do not lower their prices, how is this benefiting the average American? In addition, the tax breaks mean revenue to pay off the US debt will have to come from somewhere else, we will talk about who will ultimately foot the bill for these massive corporate tax cuts.

The Kobeissi Letter writes:

US credit card defaults have jumped to $46 billion in the first 9 months of 2024, the highest since 2010. Credit card defaults are now up over 50% year-over-year. Defaults on seriously delinquent credit card loan balances have more than doubled over the last 2 years.

Bottom income consumers were hit the hardest due to years of elevated inflation and interest rates. Additionally, the savings rate of the bottom third is now 0%, according to Moody’s.

The credit card bubble is popping.”


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Delinquency for a credit card loan means you are late in your payments (even by one day) or miss a regular installment of payment or payments. A credit card loan goes into default when the borrower fails to keep up with ongoing loan obligations or doesn’t repay the loan according to the terms laid out.

I should add here that the spike in credit card defaults in 2010 was from the 2008 financial crisis.

According to Fortune’s article “Americans are increasingly falling behind on their credit card bills, flashing a warning sign for the economy”:

In the 12 months that ended in September [2024], consumers who didn’t fully pay off their monthly credit card bills paid $170 billion in interest, according to the FT. Consumers may not see much relief soon.”

What this means is that for US consumers who didn’t fully pay off their credit card bills, congratulations you have just made Wall Street richer.

In other words, US credit card interest payments to Wall Street came to a staggering $170 billion in just 12 months, from September 2023 to September 2024. This is insane. And guess what, rates are not looking like they will be dropping any time soon. However, survival from now till then isn’t guaranteed.

[Author’s note Feb 12, 2026: As of today, President Trump has NOT lowered credit card interest rates despite having strongly advocated that they should be capped at 10%. This was one of the loudest promises Trump made as one of the first things he would do when he entered office in 2025, what happened?!?]


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The reason why we are seeing a higher default in credit cards is because of increasing inflation as well as high credit card interest rates. For those proportion of Americans who are increasingly unable to keep a decent living standard as prices get higher, they are forced to go into credit card debt to pay for groceries, or their utilities bill. This debt then charges exorbitant interest rates of 20-25% trapping Americans into losing even more of their salary and making it harder to pay off the debt. In addition, people are swiping their credit cards more today than during the 2020 lockdowns. We are near the desperation level just after the 2008 housing collapse.

Many Americans cannot afford to default, this is really a sign of a desperate situation for the most part, because once you default your credit rating is ruined. This means you will likely either be refused a credit card from another bank or you will be charged even higher interest rates since the risk of you defaulting is high. So you lose even more of your salary to even higher interest rates.

We can see from this pattern that those who are low-income wage earners are hit from multiple angles to lose more and more of their salary to inflation and interest payments.

35% of the average American paycheque goes to debt and that includes your mortgage and car payments. Recall that the savings rate for the bottom third of Americans is 0%. That is approximately 114 million people.

CNBC writes in their article “Many Americans are still living paycheck to paycheck”:

Around 35% of households earning less than $50,000 per year are living paycheck to paycheck, up from 32% in 2019.”

An increasing number of Americans today cannot afford to own their car fully, they are either on a monthly payment plan or are paying a rental fee. However, a growing number of Americans cannot even afford a monthly payment plan at this point.

Granted there is an increasing risk to lenders during a time when defaults are rising. Credit lenders wrote off an incredible $46 billion in delinquent loan balances in the first nine months of 2024. This is up by 50% in the same period the year before, so people are poorer today than in 2023. And this is the effect of higher inflation plus higher interest rates ravaging the economy. But recall, there was still a total payment of $172 billion over 2024 to Wall Street on just the interest on credit cards, so profits are still extremely high for lenders at the expense of Americans’ livelihood.

The point in all of this is the undeniable fact that an increasing number of Americans, 35% and rising, cannot afford their present living costs and something will have to give. The Titanic is sinking and there are only so many life jackets to go around.

Below is a map on the percentage of housing that is affordable within the United States. For example, the state of California has a 33% home affordability. What that means is that 33% of houses listed for purchase are listed at what is considered an affordable price for those living in that state. We can see affordability rates as low as 23% in Wyoming, 25% in Oregon, 21% in Connecticut, 29% in Washington DC. And the states with the highest affordability rates only scored in the 40% range, except for just three states who scored higher than 50%: Virginia at 54%, Maryland at 57% and Delaware at 69%. However, these statistics are representative of the housing situation in 2021, with the crisis of housing affordability much worse today.


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One reason for this lack of affordability is Blackstone, who has been investing for many years in buying up infrastructure and is the world’s largest commercial landlord.

The Guardian writes in their article “The Blackstone rebellion: how one country took on the world’s biggest commercial landlord”:

Blackstone is the largest commercial landlord in history. Over the past two decades, it has quietly taken control of apartment blocks, care homes, student housing, railway arches, film studios, offices, hotels, logistics warehouses and datacentres. Blackstone doesn’t just own real estate, it owns everything – or that’s how it can feel when you start to examine its bewildering array of assets.

…. Last year, the company invested $270bn, bringing the total value of the assets it manages to $881bn, slightly more than the gross domestic product of Switzerland, and more than twice that of Denmark… Blackstone is an asset manager, a type of private financial firm that invests the wealth of pension funds and insurance companies. It is not to be confused with BlackRock, an asset management firm founded by Larry Fink, who worked for Blackstone in the 1980s and set up its bond-investment business. In 1994, BlackRock became an independent firm and Blackstone sold its shares in the company. Fink and Schwarzman now work on opposite sides of Park Avenue. Fink’s company dwarfs Blackstone, but when it comes to property, Blackstone is the giant. Its $320bn real estate portfolio is more than six times larger than that of BlackRock. ‘For Blackstone, real estate is the goose that lays the golden egg’.

… But it is Blackstone’s interest in another type of real estate that has attracted the most scrutiny. In recent years, it has become known for creating a profitable asset class from residential properties – in other words, buying up homes.

The company has acquired houses and apartments at a voracious speed in cities around the world. Like any company, Blackstone is focused on creating returns for its investors [the billionaire class that is]. Residents in some Blackstone properties have accused it of raising rents while reducing overheads, and the company has even been blamed – by an adviser to the United Nations – of helping to fuel the global housing crisis...”

In the New York Post article “Blackstone Sees Green from Subprime Loan$” published July 25, 2008 in the middle of the housing bubble bust:

Homeowners having trouble making their mortgage payments may soon find themselves working out a payment plan with buyout kingpin Steve Schwarzman.

Schwarzman’s private equity firm, The Blackstone Group, recently announced it is prepping to make bets in the toxic subprime market.

And now, The Post has learned, it has set aside $1.25B to do this through a partnership with Florida firm Bayview Financial.

The plan is to use Bayview’s mortgage servicing arm to locate troubled loans on the cheap, including those where payments have stopped.

Once Bayview locates a loan, it will renegotiate the terms as needed, such as to get laggard payments back on track. [In other words, they are loan sharks]

Blackstone can then turn around and resell or ‘securitize’ the loans for a profit. Blackstone also has the option to take hold of properties when mortgages default.

… Also drooling over the downtrodden residential-mortgage market are hedge funds Fortress and Och-Ziff, as well as traditional asset manager BlackRock.”

In the case of Fort Worth, Texas, 26% of single-family homes are now commercially owned. What that means is that property buyers will be, or already are, priced out of the homebuying market.


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Fort Worth, Texas.

It is literally the plan of “you will own nothing and be happy” agenda so blatantly laid out by the World Economic Forum because even though they know that will outrage the greater majority of people – they consider you irrelevant.



So increasingly, even people who can theoretically afford to own a home are being squeezed out by massive buyouts by commercial interests. Increasingly overtime, there will no longer be any homeowners, only renters according to this trend.

And I would gather that this phenomenon in Fort Worth is not a coincidence. Within Fort Worth is the billionaire Walton clan who are the world’s richest family…and happen to be the owners of Walmart.

Culture Map writes in their article “Fort Worth billionaire and family reign as the world’s richest clan”:

In once again crowning the Waltons the world’s richest family, the Bloomberg news service recently reported [in 2021] that their collective fortune had risen by $23 billion in the past year due to the climbing stock price of the Walmart retail chain. Sam Walton opened the first Walmart store in 1962.

Descendants of Sam and his brother, Bud, control more than 1.3 billion shares of Walmart stock either directly or through family trusts, Bloomberg says. Even though the Waltons have liquidated $6 billion in Walmart stock this year, they’re now worth more in 2021 than they were in 2020.

As of mid-September, the Waltons were worth $238.2 billion, according to Bloomberg. That’s almost $100 billion above the next richest family in the world, the Mars family of candy and pet care fame. Last year, Bloomberg pegged the Waltons’ fortune at $215 billion.

To put the Waltons’ one-year, $23 billion bump in wealth into perspective, Bloomberg estimates the net worth of Walmart heir Lukas Walton at $22 billion.

Alice Walton ranks as the second richest person in Texas (No. 1 is Elon Musk, at more than $200 billion), but she’s not the richest Walmart heir. As of September 27, Bloomberg estimated Walton’s net worth at $61.9 billion, making her the 19th richest person in the world. Ahead of her are brothers Jim ($63.7 billion, No. 17 worldwide) and Rob ($63.3 billion, No. 18 worldwide).”

This again calls into question why President Trump thought he needed to give Walmart one of the biggest corporate tax cuts in 2025 while the American consumer and producer were left with a heavier load.

Private Equity Stakeholder Project (PESP) and Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment (ACCE) released a report in March 2023, titled “Blackstone Comes to Collect: How America’s Largest Landlord and Wall Street’s Highest Paid CEO [Schwarzman] Are Jacking Up Rents and Ramping Up Evictions.”

On their website they write:

The report highlights San Diego County, where private equity firm Blackstone purchased 5,600 naturally occurring affordable housing units in 2021 and how, as units become vacant, the company has raised rents in some units between 43-64% in just 2 years, (AB 1482 pegs annual raises above 10%, for existing tenants, as price gouging).

As San Diego becomes increasingly unaffordable, throwing more families into homelessness, Blackstone’s aggressiveness as the third largest landlord in the area in hiking up rents for its thousands of units only adds to the problem…By jacking up the price of their units Blackstone is rapidly dwindling the number of affordable housing units in the area – exacerbating an already dire affordable housing shortage.

Key Points from the Report:

- Blackstone owns and manages over 300,000 units of rental housing in the U.S., making it the largest landlord in the U.S.

- In the last two years, Blackstone has been on an aggressive buying spree, expanding its residential real estate empire by snapping up various single-family and multi-family rental properties, adding over 200,000 housing units to its portfolio.

- Blackstone also spent millions of dollars fighting against rent control in California. Blackstone gave over $7 million in 2018 and more than $7 million in 2020 to oppose statewide ballot initiatives that would have limited rent increases.

You can read the full report here.”

But it gets even worse.

ProPublica writes in their article “This Doctors Group Is Owned by a Private Equity Firm and Repeatedly Sued the Poor Until We Called Them” how Blackstone Group has acquired one of the nation’s largest physician staffing firms in 2017 resulting in low-income patients facing far more aggressive debt collection lawsuits.

But it is not just Blackstone that is acting as a predatory private-equity firm buying up everything it can get its hands on.

Scott Bessent has said that he plans to further privatize the US economy and deregulate the banks as part of his medicine for sick America. But I think the jury is no longer out on this, privatization is not making things run more smoothly or responsibly but rather is having the very opposite effect. People’s rights are being violated to a horrifying level, with increased evictions, exorbitant hikes in rent of up to 60% in two years, and criminal negligence and recklessness in the medical field. And the deregulation of the banks is what made catastrophes like the 2008 financial crisis possible, where Wall Street came out on top while those who paid were the American people.

In case you didn’t notice, private equity firms like Blackstone made their biggest profits during the 2008 crash and the 2020-21 lockdowns. These were periods of massive wealth transfer from the low and middle income earners to the multi-millionaire and billionaire class.

This is going to feed deeper into the class divide that is already occurring in the United States. However, never to miss a business opportunity, since let us remind ourselves that the bottom third of America’s population still amounts to 114 million people and thus there is still millions to be made off this impoverished sector. With credit card default rates sky-rocketing what do we see emerge through the cracks of the system? The new economic framework for the downtrodden who own nothing, the “Buy Now, Pay Later” new debt economy. Excited?!


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Here's what US consumers had to say in a poll about the “Buy Now, Pay Later” experience.



I think we have a pretty good idea of how this new framework is going to suck people who are already struggling dry. With a growing number of Americans entering into the low income bracket, and round up into one gigantic pig pen within a debtor economy, we can see a point where desperation is going to reach a peak. And what will happen then? An entire overhaul of the system with a new framework will be announced, likely with a global vision (recall private equity firms like Blackstone are global), and it might just be Scott Bessent himself who will have the honor of making this very announcement to the American people.

After all, he is Wall Street’s “man.”

US Billionaires Unite to “Make America Great Again”

It is interesting that Trump keeps referring to the “unfair treatment” Americans have received in trade relations with the world. And thus, his justification for implementing tariffs onto the entire world (i.e. a revenue tax on the world), including their closest allies, as a means of taking back revenue that has been, according to Trump, unfairly lost in global trade.

As already mentioned in Part I of this series, there is $9.2 trillion of US debt this year that will mature or need refinancing. That is about 25% of the total US debt that has come a knockin’ this year alone. It is clear that these tariffs are to function as a revenue tax as a means of generating revenue to pay this debt off.

[Author’s note Feb. 12, 2026: As we see from the 2025 stats, this revenue was in fact generated from the American consumer and producer, not even its foreign competitors, further stripping down U.S. manufacturing and lowering the standard of living for the average American.]

If the US defaults on its debt, you can basically kiss goodbye to the US dollar system as hegemon in global trade transactions. If this were to occur, the US would lose any power to sanction other countries. The world would effectively be able to trade as they please with other countries without incurring punishments or risk themselves being sanctioned by the US. In other words, the US is going to lose the big stick it has been using.

[Author’s note Feb. 12 2026: Here are some charts showcasing the performance of the US dollar over the past year.]


The dollar has taken a beating against other major currencies
Reuters “The US dollar has been taking a beating against other major currencies.” https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/global-markets-trading-day-graphic-pix-2025-06-12/

As we can see in the above graphs, the US Dollar as the world’s leading reserve currency is beginning to lose its global hold. In other words, the world is moving towards de-dollarization.


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There are many reasons for this, one very notable one is that the US has been very liberal in its sanctioning of countries including Russia, Iran and Venezuela who are big resources for energy. Increasingly we see countries around the world using their own currencies to purchase from sanctioned countries. One big commodity in these trades is that of oil, to which Russia, Iran and Venezuela are all large producers of. In fact, Russia has been selling a great deal of its oil in the Chinese currency, the yuan, ¥.

China as well has been trading more and more using their own currency and the dollar is no longer a part of a huge portion of global trade transactions. Over 50% of China’s cross border trade is in their local currency. And in the first 8 months of last year, payments increased by over 21%. The BRICS nations are increasingly avoiding the dollar in their transactions with each other and their trading partners. And Russia and China are now actively launching an alternative payment system to SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication).

This is the so-called “national security threat” from the BRICS nations that the United States has been ruffling its feathers over… That they dare trade amongst themselves freely. However, what did you expect? For countries to allow themselves to be contained in a cage and told what they can and cannot trade in for vital resources such as energy needs? In addition, sanctions have been used as an excuse for even going so far as to deny countries humanitarian aid, such as after the 2023 earthquake in Syria. Iran has also been denied access to crucial medicine for many years now.

Are we in the west truly thinking that we should have the right to determine such a fate for people in the world, and are surprised when they do not obey such orders?



As the US dollar loses its status as the world’s leading reserve currency, this also affects their ability to find investors to buy up their debt, in the form of treasury bonds and thus avoid defaulting on the massive $36 trillion and growing. You can see how dizzingly fast this debt is expanding on the US Debt Clock.

This debt can either be paid through surplus revenue, that is the big sales pitch for Bessent’s global tariff strategy to Americans that has claimed will generate “revenue.”

[ Author’s note Feb 12, 2026: As we can appreciate now, revenue was generated from the American producers and consumers to foot the bill to pay for a debt that is expanding faster than it can be paid and is eating away America’s manufacturing base and living standard at an increasing pace.]

DOGE is already pretty much a failure at this point, seriously under-performing from the promise of $2 trillion in savings during the Trump campaign.


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This graph shows that during the Trump campaign $2 trillion in savings were promised. Then by January 30th DOGE reduced this promised amount by 50%, with $1 trillion in savings. By April 10th, the original promise was reduced by 85%, to $150 billion in savings. The “wall of receipts” has amounted to $63 billion in itemized receipts with major errors and $92 billion in claimed savings without any details to prove they actually exist. Looks like DOGE also suffers from an inflated bureaucracy and now Elon Musk has pretty much walked away from the mess.

After less than four months, Elon Musk is walking away from DOGE to focus on his own company, Tesla, after a dramatic drop in its stocks.

When one considers that the 2025 military budget has risen to a record-breaking $1.035 trillion… That is to say, a nearly $150 billion increase from the 2024 defense budget- we see that the so-called “revenue” made by DOGE simply went straight into the military industrial complex.

Recall from Part I that the selling of many more US Treasury Bonds are key to not defaulting on the $9.2 trillion owed this year. In other words, that investors, especially foreign investors agree to buy this debt and hold it. However, this hot potato is becoming too hot to hold for very much longer.

US bonds, which used to be considered extremely low-risk, pretty much zero risk, are now considered very, very risky. This is very, very bad. Since the US economy, after decades of gutting their industry have become a financialized economy. In other words, Wall Street has been generating “revenue” through betting on things, it is a casino economy.

However, what was central to all of this working with the illusion of power and luster was the “faith” in the system, the belief in the US dollar. But the cracks in the ship are now clear for everyone to see. It isn’t going to stay afloat much longer.

In other words, it is a very desperate situation.

Recall from Part I of this series, that foreign investors dumped a massive amount of US treasury bonds as a reaction to the world tariffs, which was made worse from the announcement of the reciprocal tariffs. It also didn’t help that there was a lot of flip-flopping from the Trump Administration and lack of clarity as to what these tariffs would be and for how long. Investors absolutely hate this sort of uncertainty, and they are more likely to walk away from it and wipe their hands clean of the mess. It caused a massive loss in confidence in the US markets during a time when confidence was already extremely low from foreign investors who can simply take their money elsewhere.

This massive dumping of U.S. bonds, in turn, increased the treasury yield making them a riskier investment, which caused a further drop in investors purchasing these bonds. In other words, this happened at the absolute worse time, when bond purchases need to increase (massively) they have in fact decreased (massively) making the paying off of the US debt that much more challenging and the risk of default that much higher.

A higher yield also means the borrowing rate will be higher, i.e. interest rates (since the treasury yield is high). This means all interest rates across the board will be higher - including house mortgages, or businesses that need to borrow money to, for instance…rebuild manufacturing in the United States to “Make America Great Again”!

This in turn is going to have the effect of increasing the cost of rebuilding US manufacturing since there will need to be borrowing for this massive project that is going to cost hundreds of billions of dollars, and this borrowing is going to occur in an already high-interest rate environment which just got higher after the March/April mayhem.

Think about it, everyone knows that Day X is coming, the day the US will default on their debt. The US dollar’s hegemony is based off of the belief that that day the US defaults on their debt won’t be anytime soon. However, increasingly the world is thinking that day is very, very close by.

This begs the question, if the current US strategy is causing more countries and foreign investors to dump US bonds won’t that trigger a bigger explosion in US debt? Right now, the prevention of further loss in US Treasury bonds and the selling of more are essential for the US to have any hope of not defaulting this year. Many analysts think this is the real reason why there was a 90 day “pause” on the reciprocal tariffs. They could not afford to risk any more carnage in the stock and bond markets.



In goods alone the US has an incredible trade deficit of more than $1.3 trillion. The US imports a ton of goods from China, Mexico and Vietnam. The manufacturing base back home is almost non-existent. But because of this the world earns a ton of dollars from US importers. Well over a trillion is flowing out to foreign companies that make the goods that US consumers purchase. And what do people do with the dollar earnings? A big part of it comes back to US investments.

Investors in China, Mexico and Japan, then start buying up US assets, like stocks- as a result stock values continue to rise. The US trade deficit is a big reason why, for the last few decades, the US stock and bond markets have been flying up - at the cost of the US manufacturing base and living standard.


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America will have to spend billions upon billions of dollars to build back US manufacturing – while simultaneously needing to raise TRILLIONS to pay off a massive debt. Even if Trump is successful in getting key industries to re-shore to the US, this is not as simple as moving a piece on the chessboard from one place to another. And for advanced technology factories you need an industrial ecosystem to build up your factories. You can’t just expect to build cutting edge facilities, literally in the middle of deserts (i.e. semiconductor TSMC plants), within a year or two.

In addition, these industries based in the US will now be facing greater costs in manufacturing - prices for supplies will be higher since they need to import many of their materials in because the US produces very little domestically at this point after over 60 years of deindustrialization in favor of a debtor economy.


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In other words, most of these factories, especially advanced sector industries, are going to require supply chains from outside the United States. The US has not built up its own supply chain capability, so these manufacturers within the US will be hit with the tariffs on supplies they need to import to build and run their industry.


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These were the original reciprocal tariffs planned for April 5.

[Author’s note Feb 12, 2026: The below graph is a more up-to-date reference for the rates of the reciprocal tariffs imposed by the Trump Administration globally.]


Chart: Trump's Reciprocal Tariffs Reinstated | Statista

We should understand here that Bessent’s tariffs on the world have been used more as a weapon than a form of protection, and pose a very serious threat. This was not some little bit of extra tax that was being enforced here. The Trump team made it clear that these tariffs were meant to be crippling such that countries all over the world would have no choice but to make a “deal” with the United States.

As for these “deals” we have seen that they are a shakedown of each country in terms of what the U.S. views they can “offer” to the U.S. empire. If you have key strategic industry, the U.S. wants it for their own now.

If you are an economic competitor like Japan, the US wants you to step out of the race. If you are an exporter of resources such as oil, or critical minerals, the US would like you to sell this to them on the dirt cheap, and the list goes on.

[Author’s note Feb 12, 2026: To quickly summarise how the application of the tariffs played out during 2025:

  • April 2, 2025 U.S. announced a sweeping 10% base tariff on imports from more than 180 countries without trade deals.

  • A few days later, reciprocal tariffs, ranging from 10% to 100%, were imposed.

  • After an ongoing dispute between U.S. and China over tariff rates, there was a 90-day agreement in May for U.S. tariff rates at 30% and China’s at 10% between the two countries.

  • Countries such as Brazil, India and others faced sharp new tariffs. For Brazil, U.S. duties surged to 50%, India’s also surged from 25 to 50% in August as a penalty for continued purchases of Russian oil.

  • EU, UK, Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, Indonesia, Philippines, Pakistan each secured framework deals and moderate tariff rates ranging between 10-20%.

  • U.S. - EU agreement established a 15% tariff on EU goods, alongside a $600 billion EU investment into US energy and defense sectors [4] What this means is that the EU, has been forbidden to buy the much much more affordable Russian energy (hence the U.S.’s role in blowing up the Nordstream pipeline for instance) and to threaten the EU to pay much more exorbitantly priced energy from the United States amidst their energy crisis.

    Seymour Hersh
    The U.S. Navy’s Diving and Salvage Center can be found in a location as obscure as its name—down what was once a country lane in rural Panama City, a now-booming resort city in the southwestern panhandle of Florida, 70 miles south of the Alabama border. The center’s complex is as nondescript as its location—a drab concrete post-World War II structure th…
    3 years ago · 13580 likes · Seymour Hersh

    Amidst this, the EU is expected to prioritise putting money into their own military-industrial complex and buy American defense products to support the American military-industrial complex, while standards of living are plummeting in Europe and people literally have access to no heating during the winter months.

  • Japan got the U.S. to lower their tariffs to 15% this past September, but only after they committed $550 billion in U.S. investment and shared broader market access. Is a Plaza Accord 2.0 in the cards for Japan? [5]

  • South Korea also got the U.S. to lower their tariffs to 15% this past November, after they pledged $350 billion, including energy procurement and shipbuilding contracts. [6]

  • Vietnam faces a 40% surcharge on transshipped goods (basically as penalty for trading with China). [7]

  • Taiwan faces tariffs at around 20%. The U.S. has carved out semiconductor exemptions but overall tariff exposure remains substantial due to lack of a full deal. [8]

  • Mexico and Canada, no new deal was struck before August 1. Canada faces 35% reciprocal tariffs on non-USMCA goods. For Mexico, rates range from 25-35%, depending on USMCA compliance. [9] (USMCA stands for United States - Mexico - Canada Aggrement.)

High risk countries that the U.S. is unlikely to get a “deal” with:

  • China: Still the fulcrum of global supply chains, China remains covered by long-running Section 301 actions (with certain exclusions extended through Aug 31, 2025) and is exposed to the reciprocal regime absent a standalone deal. Global enterprises should not assume a single “China rate.” [10]

  • Brazil: Reporting indicates escalating tariffs amid political tensions. Specific headline percentages differ by source and sector. The U.S. treats Brazil as a heightened policy risk until official schedules are posted. [11]

  • Syria, Laos, Myanmar: Public guidance and news coverage point to ~41% for Syria and ~40% for Laos/Myanmar, reflecting sanctions and limited diplomatic engagement. Expect long-duration tariffs and extra screening on end-use/end-user. [12]





This chart was last updated January 2026. Source: https://bbcincorp.com/offshore/articles/trump-tariffs-list

Needless to say, this ongoing instability of predatory tariff rates is causing a great deal of disruption including in supply chains. This is not a benefit to any country’s economic growth, including the U.S., however, it is looking like the United States is only interested in making “deals” that are a benefit to its military industrial complex, and never really had the intention to boost its domestic manufacturing base nor the living standards of its own people.

Now let us get back to my original paper written this past May 2025…]

On top of this, the U.S. has put yet another condition on these “deals,” that all countries forego trade with China. The U.S., who can no longer compete with China, is trying to bully the entire world into not trading with it biggest competitor, through it weaponizing its U.S. consumer market as a gun to the head of countries’ economies.

U.S. Secretary of Commerce Howard Lutnick when asked about whether the tariffs will in fact increase cost in manufacturing, and hence prices to the US consumer, he answered, “Not if you make it in the US.” That is not really true in the current situation. You can avoid the tariffs if you make everything within house, sure, however, the cost of production is higher in the U.S. than for example China because the U.S. is not as streamlined as China. That’s the whole point of the tariff, the U.S. goods cannot compete price-wise with outside goods’ prices. So prices are going to be higher for the U.S. consumer if they were to buy things made in America vs China.

And that is fine, in terms of rebuilding U.S. industry, as long as the prices are not too exorbitant. This is part of the benefits of how a proper use of tariffs is applied. You tariff key sectors from other countries that you cannot compete with price wise, and thus reduce competition with them, such that your consumer base will support the build-up of these domestic sectors within your own country.

So prices were always going to increase for the US consumer, because that is the whole point of the tariff, to raise the competitor’s price for their competing product so you can be supported by the consumer base to build-up domestically. Nothing gets cheaper immediately in this scenario.

The problem here with what Lutnick is discussing is that U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent has put forward a strategy to tariff everything. Everything coming into the country now just got more expensive, not specific goods/materials. Everything. On top of this trade with China has seriously halted on key materials required for manufacturing that you cannot get elsewhere.

For example, you would like to compete in the manufacturing of cars. This is all fine and good. But you cannot also decide to put high tariffs on steel and aluminum simultaneously! Because the United States DOES NOT in fact produce enough steel and aluminum to meet all of its domestic demand, to which the car industry is just a fraction. So by putting high tariffs on steel and aluminum, which car industries have no choice but to import a portion of their demand, you are increasing costs dramatically for the production of these cars.

You may be thinking, well why don’t we just increase steel production? Yes, this is also a fine and good thing to do. However, it would take years to build up the capacity, which even then would not be able to meet the full domestic demand. Meanwhile, the cost of car manufacturing is sky-rocketing and making it less competive in the global markets. So it is not so simple as putting a tariff on everything and thinking this is going to bolster industry no matter what.

In other words, without a doubt, boosting industry is important and the United States should compete in car manufacturing and steel production on a global scale, however, this strategy will work to undermine industry since the components it needs will be made much more expensive without anywhere for them to turn for a cheaper alternative.

So now, U.S. manufacturers who already had a higher cost of production (and thus were not competitive with global trade) now face ADDITIONAL costs for the materials they need to import to finish their products, which just got more expensive with the tariff strategy. So now U.S. goods are a great deal more expensive, and we are talking about prices that many U.S. consumers simply cannot afford.

This is the very opposite effect of what you would want with a proper application of tariffs. In this scenario, the prices of U.S. goods are going to be so high that U.S. consumers will not be able to afford them and these U.S. goods cannot compete in the global consumer market either, so how are these U.S. manufacturers going to earn their revenue? This is a losing strategy.

And that is what is now backfiring with the Bessent tariff strategy, making the mistake of using them as a weapon against other countries rather than from a protective measure to the benefit of the American economy.

Lutnick seems to think the tariff strategy will act as a motivator for the U.S. to just begin building everything in-house since there is no other choice. But with what supplies? There are no complete supply chains in the United States. You will need to import necessary materials that are not available in the U.S. in order to build your manufacturing industry. There is no advanced industry presently that the U.S. has a complete supply chain in. This won’t just manifest out of thin air! You can’t build supply chains overnight, it takes years. So, this plan is disastrously short-sighted.


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Another indicator of short-sightedness from this tariff strategy was the pulling back on tariffs to high tech goods from China, only after a few days of their announcement. Apparently, whoever was in charge of calculating these tariffs didn’t factor in that China was in fact exporting high tech goods to the U.S. that were not easily replaceable. Thus, effectively, the U.S. consumer would no longer have access to these goods…notably laptops, smartphones and essential electronics for businesses if the tariffs had been left in place.


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However, when asked on the Face of the Nation about clarification about these exemptions, which were thought permanent, Lutnick said they were only temporary (about one month), contrary to what Trump had given the impression of, since according to Lutnick they would be incorporated into a separate tariff package against China. This left manufacturers and investors in a never-ending lurch as to how to go about managing their companies.

Lutnick has even talked about how these factories will be operated using automation and robotics but how are these advanced robots for assembly lines going to be manufactured? Even if the U.S. knew how to build such robots, which is debatable - the greater majority of the materials required for such a thing would need to be imported. This goes for chip manufacturing as well. It is impossible to build these industries without using China’s supply chain.

The list below mentions just a few critical minerals to give us an idea of how important these are to U.S. manufacturing, especially in advanced technologies, and which are almost entirely dependent on having access to China’s supply chain.



Note, a supply chain does not just mean where these minerals are geographically located, it also means who has the means to process and refine these minerals and metals. When we take into account both the geographical location of these critical minerals and metals plus who has the capability to process and refine them, it is China who comes out on top of these supply chains. And thus, China is the only one who has the capability to complete the circle of manufacturing.



Granted that this above graph is focusing solely on clean energy metals but it gives us a good idea of how China is the only country in the world right now that has the capability of processing and refining almost every critical mineral/metal you would need to build advanced technology industries.


The Current State of Critical Minerals in the US Market - Energy News Beat

This is why the United States now wants to build up its own capability to control its own supply chains, especially concerning chips/semiconductors. However, this is an endeavour that takes several years to accomplish. China did not build up this capability overnight. For the United States to build up its knowledge and know-how, let alone the actual building of these necessary processing and refining facilities is going to cost billions of dollars on just this alone. Not even factoring in the other billions of dollars needed to build up a manufacturing base, especially if you want to include high-tech robots for assembly lines. So this is a project that is going to take many years and hundreds of billions of dollars in spending before it is even up and running.

America’s return as an industrial leader in high-tech manufacturing is not so simple after decades of the very opposite. Recognise that this is not even discussing the education and training or R&D (research and development) that needs to also be incorporated for this process to go as quickly and efficiently as possible.

Despite the United State’s aggressive posturing against the Chinese government, China has incredibly given an allowance, until recently, for the U.S. to purchase these key critical minerals that are essential for chip manufacturing as well as the manufacturing of military weapons. China has allowed this despite the trade war, beginning in July 2018, which has aggressively sought to cut China’s ability to participate in the chip manufacturing industry.

Here is a summary of the Trump teams’ “Art of the Deal” with China…


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[Author’s note Feb 12, 2026: As of early 2026, China has imposed sweeping sanctions and trade restrictions on numerous U.S. defense companies, primarily in retaliation for arms sales to Taiwan. These sanctions typically include freezing assets within China, banning Chinese entities from doing business with them, and prohibiting company executives from entering China.

Following the announcement on December 26, 2025, over 20 U.S. defense-related firms and executives were added to China's sanction lists.

Major Sanctioned U.S. Defense Companies (Dec. 2025- Early 2026)

Based on official, recent announcements from the Chinese Foreign Ministry, the following companies are subject to sanctions:

  • Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation

  • Boeing (specifically mentioned: St. Louis-based defense unit)

  • L3Harris Maritime Services (and other L3Harris entities)

  • Anduril Industries (and founder Palmer Luckey)

  • Gibbs & Cox, Inc. (a Leidos subsidiary)

  • Advanced Acoustic Concepts

  • VSE Corporation

  • Sierra Technical Services, Inc.

  • Red Cat Holdings, Inc.

  • Teal Drones, Inc.

  • ReconCraft

  • High Point Aerotechnologies

  • Epirus, Inc.

  • Dedrone Holdings Inc.

  • Area-I

  • Blue Force Technologies

  • Dive Technologies

  • Vantor (formerly Maxar Intelligence)

  • Intelligent Epitaxy Technology, Inc.

  • Rhombus Power Inc.

  • Lazarus Enterprises Inc.

Previously Sanctioned Major Contractors

  • Lockheed Martin Corporation (repeatedly targeted, including various subsidiaries like Aeronautics and Missiles and Fire Control)

  • Raytheon (Missile Systems and Missiles & Defense)

  • General Dynamics (including Mission Systems and Ordnance and Tactical Systems)

Other Restricted Entities

  • Skydio: In 2025, China restricted this drone manufacturer, which reportedly cut off their supply chain for batteries.

  • Additional Firms (April 2025): 18 firms were listed in April 2025 including Shield AI, BRINC Drones, Red Six Solutions, and others.

Nature of the Restrictions

The sanctions, which took effect on December 26, 2025, for the latest batch, generally entail:

  1. Freezing Assets: All assets, movable and immovable, within China are frozen.

  2. Trade Ban: Chinese organizations and individuals are prohibited from engaging in transactions, cooperation, or other business activities with these companies.

  3. Travel Bans: Key executives from these firms are barred from entering China, including Hong Kong and Macau.

The United State’s is heavily dependent on Chinese critical minerals for their military industrial complex, and it looks like China, after one year of the Trump teams’ monkey circus, will not be loosening these sanctions on U.S. defense companies anytime soon. This is a disastrous outcome for the Trump Administration and has ruined what appears to have been the main objective that started this chicken run with China. The Trump Administration thought they could intimidate China and that they would bend the knee and give aid to America’s military empire by pledging hundreds of billions of dollars in investment like Japan and South Korea have done (whether these countries actually deliver on this is another matter). However, China understands if they do this, they can pretty much kiss goodbye to anything resembling sovereignty.]

China has made it very clear that it will not be the first to backdown in this face-off, they have gone all-in and are betting that the United States needs them more than they need the United States in this trade war.

In response to the sound of crickets this past spring/summer 2025, the White House has taken on bizarre messaging to the American people, who were given the impression that this was going to be a cake walk and are beginning to realise that things could get real serious for American jobs and consumer prices.

White House spokesperson Karoline Levitt had this to say as the White House’s stance on the matter:

The President has made his position on China quite clear. Although I do have an additional statement that he just shared with me in the Oval Office. ‘The ball is in China’s court. China needs to make a deal with us. We don’t have to make a deal with them. There’s no difference between China and any other country except they are much larger. And China wants what we have, every country wants what we have, the American consumer. Or to put it in another way, they need our money’. So the President again has made it quite clear that he’s open to a deal with China, but China needs to make a deal with the United States of America.”

It was certainly not a show of strength when Trump kept acting acting like he was having ongoing talks with the Chinese embassy, only to have the Chinese embassy clarify that there are no talks happening and that the U.S. “should stop spreading confusion.

So, it’s looking like China really doesn’t care about making a deal with the U.S. and has spent the last several weeks further decoupling from the American economy. The split looks pretty final here and China looks like they have finally had enough of the dishonesty and bullying coming out of the White House over the last several years.

Incredibly, the United States did not put the critical minerals and metals they need from China on a tariff list because they are of course essential for the manufacturing of advanced technologies, including military technologies. However, what were they expecting? That they were going to start a full-out trade war with China and that China was going to continue to sell America these critical materials needed for advanced technology, including military weapons?!?



The lame attempt by the United States to punish China with high tariffs while attempting to import all of their essential metals from China with no reciprocal tariffs.

Or the fact that China is the second highest treasury bond holder in the world and are in the process of dumping these bonds. And can you blame them? Why would China want to fund America’s plan to contain them and cut them out of global trade in hopes of putting a leash on the growing Asian economies? Recall from Part I of this series, Japan and China were the two biggest holders of US debt before the tariff war.

[Author’s Note Feb 12, 2026: China is now third after dumping a bunch of treasury bonds these past months, UK is now second which has been buying up a bunch of U.S. treasury bonds to hold the U.S. debt ship afloat. The two below graphs are updated up to October 2025.]


Bar chart showing top foreign holders of U.S. Treasury securities in October 2025, led by Japan ($1.2T), the U.K. ($878B), and China ($689B).


Japan had initially dumped a large portion of its U.S. Treasury holdings during the spring of 2025, but appears to have gotten cold feet since then and is back to its loyal dog status.

China, Brazil and India cutting its U.S. Treasury holdings is showcasing a further decoupling by BRICS nations and reduce exposure to U.S. assets which are extremely volatile at this point.]

The below graph shows the scary reality of U.S. dependence on China for especially its military needs…


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According to Bessent, China is officially in recession, in fact, he believes that Beijing is on the verge of a collapse and that is despite the Chinese economy growing by 5% last year (a growth that didn’t rely on the country going further into debt to inflate that number, unlike the US’s 2.8% growth in 2024).



The US had to go into 6.4% GDP deficit, in order to boost the “real” GDP to 2.8%. In other words, for every $1 spent by the US, they made 50 cents in the year 2024. This is the “growth” of the US economy.

In Bessent’s US Senate confirmation hearing he stated:

“China is the most unbalanced, imbalanced country in the history of the world. They are in a severe recession/depression. They may have minus 4% disinflation. And they are attempting to export their way out of that as opposed to doing the much needed internal rebalance.”

Like becoming a Wall Street debtor economy Mr. Bessent?

This is a very weird statement from Bessent since in the next breath he admits that China still has a lot of money to build infrastructure. If an economy is collapsing they wouldn’t have any money for anything would they?

China will build a hundred new coal plants this year. There is not a clean energy race. There is an energy race. China will build 10 nuclear plants this year. That is not solar. I am in favor of more nuclear plants.” Bessent confusingly stated.

In fact, China is one of the few countries in the world who are actively building new nuclear plants and are leading this by a large margin.



Notice in the above graph that the United States is still leading in number of nuclear plants, though the number is smaller today since they have been shutting them down over the past several decades. Notice that China has built 39 new nuclear reactors since 2011 when the United States decreased by 11 nuclear reactors.


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[Author’s note Feb 12, 2026: There is a present plan by the Trump Administration to build new nuclear plants (which take 5-10 years to build) with goals such as 35 GW of new capacity by 2025 and 15 GW increase per year by 2040. And a goal of 200 GW of new capacity by 2050. Whether these goals will be accomplished or not is another matter, in addition to what this new energy will in fact be used for. Keep in mind that there is a $90 billion investment in data centers and power infrastructure with plans to build 10 large nuclear reactors by 2030. These data centers will be used to a great extent for AI use in applications for the military industrial complex. Data centers require a massive amount of energy. Just something to keep in mind…]

Energy (when it is not used to mainly feed a military industrial complex) is at the core of determining a country’s social progress index. And unlike the situation the U.S. faces, China is not going into debt to pay for this growing infrastructure.


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As we can see with the above graph, China now relies on the EU and ASEAN countries for more than half of its total trade. And its trade with the ASEAN countries is expected to increase exponentially since these countries are quickly entering into “first world” economic status. They also house more than half of the world’s population so there is a huge consumer market here, and in the near future will surpass the U.S. consumer market.


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ASEAN countries are Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines, Indonesia, Cambodia, Myanmar, Brunei and Laos.

China has a SURPLUS of money coming in and they are not throwing it away into Wall Street, they are using the money to actually build up industry. How do you think they have become such a manufacturing powerhouse?


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Scott Bessent calls this imbalanced and unbalanced, to the most extreme degree in ALL OF HISTORY. Meanwhile, what is the US attempting to do? Build back its industry so it can be a leader in the export trade since they realise that they can no longer be top dog with the system they were previously operating on, which was controlled artificial scarcity.

China has blown that tactic out of the water because they are offering essential, crucial trade with other countries that will allow these countries to be self-empowered. Look at the entire history of colonialism, they ALWAYS wanted to prevent or put a cap on industrialisation because it was always understood that that would free regions of the world to become self-sustaining. There is no more control if you are no longer the hand that withholds.


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Here is a map (to the left) of the colonial rail lines of Africa built by the colonialists of Europe between 1890 and 1960. Notice that they for the most part do not connect with each other, except in South Africa where there are many white inhabitants. These rail lines are from a resource mine to a port and were used simply for wealth extraction and not to uplift the people. I will be doing an updated detailed overview of what China’s BRI is in fact building throughout the world. However, you can refer to my paper, with the subsection “China’s Belt and Road Initiative Put Into Perspective” for something I wrote a few years back. Great resources on this are Lawrence Freeman’s website “Africa and the World” as well as Nicholas Jones’s Substack Nkrumah’s Africa both are also RTF lecturers.

This is what President Putin was referring to in a speech from 2018 to light up Africa.



This map shows how much of the world is still in great need of energy and infrastructure.

In 2019, Reuters reported that the United States’ top African diplomat warned that African countries running up debt they won’t be able to pay back, should not expect to be bailed out by western-sponsored debt relief.

We went through, just in the last 20 years, this big debt forgiveness for a lot of African countries,” said U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs Tibor Nagy, referring to the somewhat condescendingly named HIPC (Heavily Indebted Poor Countries) program, started by the IMF and World Bank in 1996 as a nice window dressing.

Now all of a sudden are we going to go through another cycle of that? ... I certainly would not be sympathetic, and I don’t think my administration would be sympathetic to that kind of situation,” he told reporters in Pretoria, South Africa.

Hmmm, imagine if a Chinese diplomat were to have said that, how it would have been viewed by the west, but apparently when a westerner says it, it is somehow not exploitive and predatory

Wall Street billionaire Scott Bessent has even gone so far in interviews to say that China is not only sick and unbalanced for exporting so much, but that these massive volumes of exports must be going somewhere, but acted puzzled as to where that could possibly be. How about to where the majority of the world population lives that is in great need of this trade with China to lift their countries out of poverty Mr. Bessent.

So, there’s an incredible disconnect here. According to Bessent, China is both strong and weak at the same time. Is China an economic rival to which you need to guard against or is China crashing and no longer a threat - because you can’t have both. It looks like Americans might be still underestimating China, and their policies to contain her are already beginning to backfire.

Ironically, what Bessent is doing with this tariff war is giving a boost to China’s domestic market, which is going to further grow their economic influence. Just like when the Americans attempted to cut China out of the semiconductor industry, China in turn focused on self-reliance and they are now increasingly becoming leaders in the semiconductor field.

China is capable of doing this because they have a massive manufacturing capability to begin with and an incredibly complex manufacturing ecosystem in Shenzhen, which is a much more advanced and affluent city than anything in the United States, hate to burst that bubble.



Shenzhen, China.

If you really want to compare strength between the U.S. and China, a better comparison is the cost of living. While its true that U.S. salary is three to four times higher, the cost of food is much lower in China, taxes are also lower, so the standard of living is higher in China.

Also, if Chinese consumers buy more and U.S. consumers buy less from the world as a result of this trade war, who has more power to influence the global economy? This is a losing strategy from Mr. Bessent and it is going to backfire on the standard of living for the average American.

But enough about China let us take a look at how this tariff war has affected the U.S. economy thus far.

Are the Tariffs Creating Higher Inflation and Loss of Jobs?

Trump has said repeatedly that tariffs are a tax on a foreign country, not the American people, “it’s a tax on a country that’s ripping us off and stealing our jobs. And it’s a tax that doesn’t affect our country. And you could see hundreds of billions of dollars of tariffs on other countries also.”

The dollar’s fall this year is the steepest since 2008. It reflects weak confidence in the US economy.



US interest rates are not going down they are flying higher. And this is bad for everyone in America. People with mortgages are going to get squeezed, business and personal loans will also get repriced upwards.

Higher interest rates are bad for the stock market and economic growth. Companies can’t expand their operations, their loan payments get more expensive, as a result salaries are also put under tremendous pressure. This creates a snowball effect where people are earning less which leads to lower consumption, in the broader economy. Major banks are already sounding the alarm, rates could go much higher. This puts the US consumer under threat which makes up about 70% of GDP.

Onshoring manufacturing is going to take years to fully manifest. And people will be hit with higher prices on goods from the world. Everything coming in from Canada, Europe, Asia, the Middle East are going to be higher in price and that’s going to be very inflationary.

There is another complication to all of this. There are three possibilities for who will have to “eat the tariffs” in a tariff war.

The tariff can be “eaten” by either the exporter to the U.S., the importer to the U.S., or the U.S. consumer. Bessent has stated his conviction numerous times that he is without a doubt that the exporter will eat the tariff in all cases, that is, with all countries. Because according to Bessent to cut out the US consumer from their trade would be suicide. And this is true for some very exposed countries.



Mexico and Vietnam are at the top of the list after China. In their case, the greater majority of their trade is with the United States so they are in a tough bind here. In the case of Vietnam, they have offered to remove their tariffs on U.S. goods. However, Peter Navarro, White House advisor on economics, reportedly said no, that the condition would have to be that they forfeit all trade relations with China.

In other words, Navarro is asking for countries to pay their pound of flesh. It is effectively asking Vietnam to remove itself from the growing massive economic hub that is occurring in Asia right now. Who in their right mind would do that? It is effectively asking nations to commit harakiri in fealty to the American Empire.

As discussed in Part I of this series, it has now been discovered that this tariffing of the world was never about the U.S. getting screwed by tariffs on U.S. goods, but rather about putting a criminal level of pressure on nations to force them to cut China out of trade with the rest of the world and sign over their key industries to the U.S. empire.

This is a situation that should not be occurring if these tariffs were applied properly as protective tariffs. It completely defeats the purpose of putting a tariff on an imported good, if the end result is that businesses and U.S. consumers have no choice but to pay higher prices for said good, it works as a revenue tax NOT a protective tariff a la McKinley.

The only option is to not purchase the good, or pay a much higher price for this good. What do you think this is going to do to small businesses and the U.S. consumer? Small businesses already have higher prices typically, since they are not as streamlined and their profit margins are smaller, so they are going to go belly-up. And U.S. consumers will either have to forego access to many goods now with these tariffs, or they will have to pay even higher prices, which is inflationary, making them even poorer.

When Beijing raised their tariff to 125% this effectively blocked out all U.S. exports into China. That’s around $150 billion worth of revenue vanishing into thin air. American companies took another hit. The U.S. crushed their own domestic demand with their 145% tariff to China and their corporate revenue in turn was hammered by China’s 125% retaliatory tariff.

China has secured their global supply chains and has the global majority as trading partners. In other words, unlike countries like Canada, Mexico and Vietnam, China didn’t just rely on U.S. trade, it saw where the wind was blowing and began diversifying its trade back in 2018. So, they are able to take this hit. Whereas countries who have failed to diversify, such as Mexico and Canada and are at the mercy of the United States as their primary trading partner. This is the lesson that the entire world is looking at right now, the U.S. is not a reliable trade partner.

But the Trump team appears to have not realised that this trade war is a double-edged sword.




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So looks like prices for U.S. consumers are going to rise after all Mr. Bessent. And American workers are going to be losing jobs in the manufacturing sector.


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The chart below gives you an idea of how much China alone supports U.S. jobs in manufacturing through U.S. exports to China which are now lost, likely forever. With the top exporter states being Texas, California, Louisiana, Indiana and Illinois etc. whose manufacturing industries are now left totally in the lurch over this trade war and are likely not going to be able to sustain their industries at this point.


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But don’t worry guys. Trump says the tariffs aren’t going to hurt business in America…that is if you are “big business.” Why? Because big business already got massive tax cuts. You the American people are going to be footing the bill for their loss in profits over this tariff war.




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Trump is transferring wealth from private households all the way up to the federal government to spend through this tariff war on the world.

[Author’s note Feb 12 , 2026: This has now been confirmed with the stats for 2025 now in.]


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Trump has mused to the bottom third of America that he could possibly consider dropping taxes for this group which is just eeking by at this point. However, in reality, his tariffs on the world are taxing the bottom third of the American population the hardest.

[Author’s note Feb 12, 2026: And Trump still has put a cap on credit card interest rates at 10% like he had promised he would.]

Meanwhile small businesses who can’t survive a weeks-to-months long siege are already going belly-up in the cause for “Making America Great Again.” Plenty of American businesses are going to be destroyed by this tariff strategy. And these are small enterprises that rely on the Chinese supply chain for affordable manufacturing. We could see massive unemployment and entire local economies collapsing.

Ironically, Bessent’s tariff strategy will deindustrialise America faster than ever before. And if you think the lockdowns were brutal on small businesses, wait and see what kind of carnage we are in for as a consequence of this trade war.

Bessent’s weaponised tariffs are inflationary for US consumers, they are raising prices for American consumers and lowering their standard of living and if this continues long enough, U.S. consumption will collapse and the economy will nose dive.

Bessent said in his interview with Tucker Carlson:

Well, I don’t know if they [China] can retaliate for a couple of reasons. If you look at the history, and I used to teach economic history, and when you look at the history, we are the debtor nation, we have the trade deficits. The surplus nation is in the weaker position because the Chinese business model and the economy are the most unbalanced, imbalanced in the history of the modern world. We’ve never seen anything like this in terms of their export level relative to their GDP, relative to their population. They’re in a deflationary recession/depression right now. They’re trying to export their way out of it and we can’t let them do that.”

Again Bessent is talking about China as some sort of deranged Frankenstein, an exporter monster, and it is up to America to save the world from Chinese….affordable and high quality goods?!?

Bessent continues: “And this is the first step towards realigning that a lot of our trading partners, including some of our allies, have not been good partners. If tariffs are so bad, why do they have them? Or, if the American consumer is going to pay all the tariff then why do they care about tariffs. Right, because they [the exporter] are going to eat them.

So this is a national security issue that we’re seeing here but it’s also an economic security issue and it’s to, I don’t want to say redistribute, but it is to give working Americans real wage gains and enhance their lives…Wall Street’s done great, it can continue doing well, it’s Main Street’s turn….and that is what we saw yesterday, it’s Main Street’s turn.”

Yesterday (from that interview) when there was a particularly bad day in the U.S. stock market where many Americans lost their life savings. That was apparently Main Street’s turn….

For all of Bessent’s insistence that it is “Main Street’s turn” we can now see that prices are indeed increasing, manufacturing companies are not going to be able to sustain the squeeze in profit margins for too long, unless you are one of Trump’s favourite children and are considered “big business.”

There will be a massive loss of jobs in the millions from the drop in foreign investment, in foreign employment, and foreign trade. Borrowing will be more costly in a higher interest-rate environment. Things are going to be more expensive or impossible to manufacture, with tariffs or trade bans on essential materials required to finish these manufactured goods.

Again, supply chains cannot be created overnight, this is going to take years. During this time more jobs will be lost and more small businesses will go belly-up.

As part of a means to quell the gathering mob with torches and pitchforks, the Trump team mulls over exporter tax credit as a tariff counterweight.

This is as asinine as it gets folks.

Trump and friends are considering giving U.S. companies exporter tax credits to counter-foreign retaliation. So, if Europe decides to slap an import tax, US exporters will eat some of the tariff and get U.S. government subsidies. This is funny and sad at the same time, especially when the U.S. keeps scolding the world for subsidizing their exports. Trump is now willing to do the same for his own companies. But think about how ridiculous this is. Trump wants to collect tariffs from U.S. consumers and use it to subsidize U.S. companies for retaliatory tariffs they are being charged on their exports.

At this point I have lost count of all the multiple angles that the U.S. consumer is expected to foot the bill from this brilliant plan to “Make America Great Again.”

U.S. job openings have decreased by 290,000 in one month. 7.48 million down to 7.19 million according to monthly Bureau of Labor Statistics published on April 29th, 2025.

But Bessent continues to state it is not up to the U.S. to de-escalate but China, despite the fact that it was the U.S. that started this whole thing.


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[Author’s note Feb 12, 2026: The tariffs against China are not the only thing hitting the American producer and consumer hard, the high tariffs on Canadian steel and aluminum, for instance, also heavily hit the U.S. manufacturing industry this past year, among many other examples.]

No pain, no gain right? Maybe if you live on Wall Street, but this is looking like the end of Main Street.

…but I guess this is all according to the plan? After all, we are the good guys…right?


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You can now read Part III here.


Cynthia Chung is the President of the Rising Tide Foundation and author of the books “The Shaping of a World Religion” & “The Empire on Which the Black Sun Never Set,” consider supporting her work by making a donation and subscribing to her substack page Through A Glass Darkly.

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[1] https://www.linkedin.com/posts/jason-miller-32110325_supplychain-shipsandshipping-manufacturing-activity-7380572476654747648-BzHo/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_desktop&rcm=ACoAAABWRDcBg3vMfrpsxI6nCCPz-QgWQPdpCF4

[2] Ibid

[3] Ibid

[4] https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/qanda_25_1930

[5] https://www.whitehouse.gov/fact-sheets/2025/07/fact-sheet-president-donald-j-trump-secures-unprecedented-u-s-japan-strategic-trade-and-investment-agreement/

[6] https://edition.cnn.com/2025/08/26/business/south-korea-us-investment-deal-intl-hnk

[7] https://www.legal500.com/developments/thought-leadership/new-us-vietnam-transshipment-tariff-agreement/

[8] https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/08/business/taiwan-tariffs-chips-trump.html

[9] https://edition.cnn.com/2025/08/01/business/trump-tariffs-countries-list-vis

[10] https://ustr.gov/about-us/policy-offices/press-office/press-releases/2024/september/ustr-finalizes-action-china-tariffs-following-statutory-four-year-review

[11] https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cwy0147vxyqo

[12] https://bbcincorp.com/offshore/articles/trump-tariffs-list

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